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      Environmentally responsible fabrication of efficient perovskite solar cells from recycled car batteries

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          Abstract

          This report presents a process to fabricate perovskite hybrid solar cells in an environmentally responsible fashion by recycling lead materials from spent car batteries.

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          Impedance spectroscopic analysis of lead iodide perovskite-sensitized solid-state solar cells.

          Mesoscopic solid-state solar cells based on the inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 in conjunction with the amorphous organic semiconductor spiro-MeOTAD as a hole transport material (HTM) are investigated using impedance spectroscopy (IS). A model to interpret the frequency response of these devices is established by expanding and elaborating on the existing models used for the liquid and solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, the influence of changing the additive concentrations of tert-butylpyridine and LiTFSI in the HTM and varying the HTM overlayer thickness on top of the sub-micrometer thick TiO2 on the extracted IS parameters is investigated. The internal electrical processes of such devices are studied and correlated with the overall device performance. In particular, the features in the IS responses that are attributed to the ionic and electronic transport properties of the perovskite material and manifest as a slow response at low frequency and an additional RC element at intermediate frequency, respectively, are explored.
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            Theory of the Impedance of Electron Diffusion and Recombination in a Thin Layer

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              Electron transport and recombination in solid-state dye solar cell with spiro-OMeTAD as hole conductor.

              We show that electron transport mechanisms in TiO(2) solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (SDSCs) with spiro-OMeTAD as hole conductor are similar to those of high-performance DSCs with liquid electrolytes and ionic liquids. Impedance spectroscopy provides the parameters for transport and recombination at different conditions of steady state in the dark. The recombination rate is much higher in the solid solar cell, this being a main limiting step to obtain high-efficiency SDSCs. Thus, the expected gain in photovoltage, due to a lower hole Fermi level, is prevented by recombination losses. Under low potentials the transport is limited by the electron transport in the TiO(2), but at high potentials spiro-OMeTAD transport resistance reduces the fill factor and hence the efficiency on high-current devices.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                EESNBY
                Energy Environ. Sci.
                Energy Environ. Sci.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1754-5692
                1754-5706
                2014
                2014
                : 7
                : 11
                : 3659-3665
                Article
                10.1039/C4EE00965G
                aad47536-8224-43fa-9a72-148425153fb3
                © 2014
                History

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