CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF IMMUNE RESISTANCE OF HEALTHY AND SICK WITH PNEUMONIA CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE

Abstract

Background. The universality of the general adaptation syndrome and the need to study the impact of general adaptive responses on the occurrence and consequences of pathological processes, as well as detection of early signs of disadaptation, have been proven by numerous works. Objective. The aim of study was to explore the peculiarities of general non-specific adaptive reactions in pediatric population and to discuss the diagnostics effectiveness of general nonspecific adaptive reactions in early detection of health disorders in children of different age. Methods. The paper presents the results of laboratory and clinical tests, conducted in 185 healthy children aged 4-12 years and 42 children of the same age with community-acquired pneumonia. The characteristics and prevalence of general nonspecific adaptative reactions in healthy children of different age were given. Determination of adverse adaptative reactions (stress, training and overactivation) based on analysis of the general blood analysis is an early diagnostic criterion of individual health reduction of children. Results. The features of clinical course, the nature and direction of immune disorders of children with community-acquired pneumonia, depending on their adaptive systems, were revealed. The influence of conventional treatment regimens of children with pneumonia on the state of adaptation processes was determined. Clinical diagnostic criteria for prognosis and treatment efficacy based on diagnostics of nonspecific adaptive responses in the dynamic of pneumonia were established. The proportion of morphometrically different blood lymphocytes in healthy children was determined. It was revealed that the blood of preschool age children dominated with type I cells (61.3±1.7) %. The relative content of lymphocytes (morphological type II) (28.7±1.6) %, type III – (6.1±0.6)%, type IV – (3.9±0.6)% was observed. Conclusions. General nonspecific adaptative reactions of mild and increased activation, as the most conducive to children’s age, demonstrate a balance of the relative content of different types of lymphocytes according to morphometrical data. KEY WORDS: children, cell-mediated immunity, adaptive reactions, community-acquired pneumonia