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      Insights of meso and micro-scale processes for the Caxiuanã forest region from high resolution simulation Translated title: Estudo dos processos de micro e meso-escala para a região da floresta de Caxiuanã a partir de simulações de alta resolução

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          Abstract

          Meteorological data and high resolution numerical simulations were used to estimate spatial fields in eastern Amazonia where is located the Forest and the Bay of Caxiuanã. The study were performed for the period of November 2006, when occurred the field experiment COBRA-PARA. Analysis of the MODIS sensor from the Terra Satellite images show the occurrence of various phenomena such as local cloud streets, precipitating convective systems and an important influence of the interfaces between the forest and water surfaces. Numerical simulations for November 7, 2006 showed that the model represented well the major meteorological processes. The results show that the Caxiuanã Bay causes significant impact on adjacent meteorological fields mainly through advection by the northeast winds that induce to colder canopy temperature to the west of the bay and convective rainfall. Simulations with high resolution (LES) produced spatial patterns of temperature and humidity aligned with the winds during the daytime, and at nighttime the patterns are influenced mainly by the presence of the bay. Correlations between the mid-level winds and the latent heat fluxes showed that there is a change from negative correlations for the early hours to positive correlations for the afternoon and early evening.

          Translated abstract

          Dados meteorológicos e simulações numéricas de alta resolução foram usados para estimar campos espaciais na região leste da Amazônia onde se situam a Floresta e a Baía de Caxiuanã, no Estado do Pará. O estudo foi feito para o período de Novembro de 2006, quando foi realizado o experimento de campo COBRA-PARÁ. Análises de imagens do sensor MODIS mostram a ocorrência de vários fenômenos locais como avenidas de nuvens, sistemas convectivos precipitantes, e importante influência das interfaces entre a floresta e as superfícies aquáticas. Simulações numéricas para o dia 7 de novembro de 2006 mostraram que o modelo representou bem as principais variáveis meteorológicas. Os resultados mostram que a Baía de Caxiuanã provoca importante impacto nos campos meteorológicos adjacentes, principalmente, através da advecção pelos ventos de nordeste que induzem a temperaturas do dossel mais frias a oeste da baía. Simulações de alta resolução (LES) produziram padrões espaciais de temperatura e umidade alinhados com os ventos durante o período diurno e mudanças noturnas causadas principalmente pela presença da baía e chuvas convectivas. Correlações espaciais entre os ventos de níveis médios e os fluxos verticais de calor latente mostraram que existe uma mudança de correlações negativas para as primeiras horas do dia passando para correlações positivas para o período da tarde e início da noite.

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          Most cited references28

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          A comprehensive meteorological modeling system?RAMS

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            Rainforest aerosols as biogenic nuclei of clouds and precipitation in the Amazon.

            The Amazon is one of the few continental regions where atmospheric aerosol particles and their effects on climate are not dominated by anthropogenic sources. During the wet season, the ambient conditions approach those of the pristine pre-industrial era. We show that the fine submicrometer particles accounting for most cloud condensation nuclei are predominantly composed of secondary organic material formed by oxidation of gaseous biogenic precursors. Supermicrometer particles, which are relevant as ice nuclei, consist mostly of primary biological material directly released from rainforest biota. The Amazon Basin appears to be a biogeochemical reactor, in which the biosphere and atmospheric photochemistry produce nuclei for clouds and precipitation sustaining the hydrological cycle. The prevailing regime of aerosol-cloud interactions in this natural environment is distinctly different from polluted regions.
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              An Evaluation of the Scale at which Ground-Surface Heat Flux Patchiness Affects the Convective Boundary Layer Using Large-Eddy Simulations

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbmet
                Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia
                Rev. bras. meteorol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Meteorologia (São Paulo )
                1982-4351
                July 2012
                : 27
                : 2
                : 253-261
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Pará Brazil
                [2 ] Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brazil
                Article
                S0102-77862012000200011
                10.1590/S0102-77862012000200011
                ab689e86-2afc-4ee8-a1d3-88524d8278e9

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-7786&lng=en
                Categories
                METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

                Atmospheric science & Climatology
                Caxiuanã,BRAMS,LES,local circulations,circulações locais
                Atmospheric science & Climatology
                Caxiuanã, BRAMS, LES, local circulations, circulações locais

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