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      Biosensors Based on Advanced Sulfur-Containing Nanomaterials

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          Abstract

          In recent years, sulfur-containing nanomaterials and their derivatives/composites have attracted much attention because of their important role in the field of biosensor, biolabeling, drug delivery and diagnostic imaging technology, which inspires us to compile this review. To focus on the relationships between advanced biomaterials and biosensors, this review describes the applications of various types of sulfur-containing nanomaterials in biosensors. We bring two types of sulfur-containing nanomaterials including metallic sulfide nanomaterials and sulfur-containing quantum dots, to discuss and summarize the possibility and application as biosensors based on the sulfur-containing nanomaterials. Finally, future perspective and challenges of biosensors based on sulfur-containing nanomaterials are briefly rendered.

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          Carbon dots: synthesis, formation mechanism, fluorescence origin and sensing applications

          Meng Liu, Bin Bin Chen, Chun Li … (2019)
          We systematically summarize the recent progress in the green synthesis and formation mechanism of CDs with the hope to provide guidance for developing CDs with the concept of green chemistry. In addition, we discuss and organize the current opinions on the fluorescence origin of CDs and the latest progress of CDs in fluorescence sensing applications. Carbon dots (CDs) have received an increasing amount of attention because of their significant advantages in terms of low toxicity, chemical inertness, tunable fluorescence, good water solubility, and physicochemical properties. Due to these desirable properties, they have been used in numerous fields, including chemo- and biosensing, fluorescence imaging, and drug delivery. In this review, we aim to demonstrate the recent progress in the green synthesis and formation mechanism of CDs, and provide guidance for developing CDs with the concepts of green chemistry. In addition, we discuss three kinds of most accepted luminescence origins: surface state, quantum confinement effect and molecular fluorescence. Finally, we systematically summarize the latest progress of CDs in fluorescence sensing applications, including both solution phase sensing and solid phase sensing. Furthermore, the challenges and future direction of CDs in this emerging field are discussed.
          Article 0 comments Cited 243 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Preparation of highly photoluminescent sulfur-doped carbon dots for Fe(iii) detection

            Jungang Zhao, Quan Xu, Peng Pu … (2015)
            Sulfur-doped carbon dots were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method and exhibited high fluorescence quantum yield (67%) and exceptional emission behavior. Sulfur-doped carbon dots (S-doped C-dots)were synthesized using a simple and straightforward hydrothermal method. The as-prepared S-doped C-dots exhibit significant fluorescence quantum yield (67%) and unique emission behavior. The spherical S-doped C-dots have an average diameter of 4.6 nm and the fluorescence of S-doped C-dots can be effectively and selectively quenched by Fe 3+ ions. Thus, S-doped C-dots were applied as probes toward Fe 3+ detection, exhibiting a limit of detection of 0.1 μM.
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              New Generation Cadmium-Free Quantum Dots for Biophotonics and Nanomedicine.

              Paras N Prasad, Ken-Tye Yong, Mark T Swihart … (2016)
              This review summarizes recent progress in the design and applications of cadmium-free quantum dots (Cd-free QDs), with an emphasis on their role in biophotonics and nanomedicine. We first present the features of Cd-free QDs and describe the physics and emergent optical properties of various types of Cd-free QDs whose applications are discussed in subsequent sections. Selected specific QD systems are introduced, followed by the preparation of these Cd-free QDs in a form useful for biological applications, including recent advances in achieving high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) and tunability of emission color. Next, we summarize biophotonic applications of Cd-free QDs in optical imaging, photoacoustic imaging, sensing, optical tracking, and photothermal therapy. Research advances in the use of Cd-free QDs for nanomedicine applications are discussed, including drug/gene delivery, protein/peptide delivery, image-guided surgery, diagnostics, and medical devices. The review then considers the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Cd-free QDs and summarizes current studies on the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of Cd-free QDs. Finally, we provide perspectives on the overall current status, challenges, and future directions in this field.
              Article 0 comments Cited 118 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sensors (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): sensors
                Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 June 2020
                Publication date Collection: June 2020
                Volume: 20
                Issue: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 3488
                Affiliations
                State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; li_chunmei@ 123456foxmail.com (C.L.); yihanwangxynu@ 123456163.com (Y.W.); sungi@ 123456seu.edu.cn (H.J.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: xuewang@ 123456seu.edu.cn
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-758X
                Article
                Publisher ID: sensors-20-03488
                DOI: 10.3390/s20123488
                PMC ID: 7349518
                PubMed ID: 32575665
                SO-VID: ab74c3a3-143d-42af-adb1-f03a71db02dd
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 01 June 2020
                Date accepted : 17 June 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: sulfur-containing nanomaterials,metallic sulfide nanomaterials,sulfur-containing quantum dots,biosensors
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: sulfur-containing nanomaterials, metallic sulfide nanomaterials, sulfur-containing quantum dots, biosensors

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