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      The Anatomy ofDryptosaurus aquilunguis(Dinosauria: Theropoda) and a Review of Its Tyrannosauroid Affinities

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      American Museum Novitates
      American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)

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          Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America

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            Axial skeleton ontogeny in the Parasuchia (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) and its implications for ontogenetic determination in archosaurs

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              Pelvic and hindlimb musculature of Tyrannosaurus rex (Dinosauria: Theropoda).

              In this article, we develop a new reconstruction of the pelvic and hindlimb muscles of the large theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex. Our new reconstruction relies primarily on direct examination of both extant and fossil turtles, lepidosaurs, and archosaurs. These observations are placed into a phylogenetic context and data from extant taxa are used to constrain inferences concerning the soft-tissue structures in T. rex. Using this extant phylogenetic bracket, we are able to offer well-supported inferences concerning most of the hindlimb musculature in this taxon. We also refrain from making any inferences for certain muscles where the resulting optimizations are ambiguous. This reconstruction differs from several previous attempts and we evaluate these discrepancies. In addition to providing a new and more detailed understanding of the hindlimb morphology of T. rex--the largest known terrestrial biped--this reconstruction also helps to clarify the sequence of character-state change along the line to extant birds. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                American Museum Novitates
                American Museum Novitates
                American Museum of Natural History (BioOne sponsored)
                0003-0082
                May 2011
                May 2011
                : 3717
                : 3717
                : 1-53
                Article
                10.1206/3717.2
                ac670e05-76ff-4913-b350-daabfeda9e67
                © 2011
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