Effects of microfluidization and thermal treatment on the characterization and digestion of curcumin loaded protein–polysaccharide–tea saponin complex nanoparticles

Author(s): Yang Wei ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Chao Wang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Xin Liu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Wenyan Liao ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Liang Zhang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Shuai Chen ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Jinfang Liu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Like Mao ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Fang Yuan ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Yanxiang Gao ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴

Publication date (Electronic): 2021

Journal: Food & Function

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

Microfluidization (50–150 MPa) and thermal treatment (45–85 °C) were applied to modulate the stability, molecular interaction and microstructure of zein–proplyene glycol alginate (PGA)–tea saponin (TS) complex nanoparticles for delivery of curcumin.

Abstract

Microfluidization (50–150 MPa) and thermal treatment (45–85 °C) were applied to modulate the physicochemical stability, molecular interaction and microstructure of zein–proplyene glycol alginate (PGA)–tea saponin (TS) complex nanoparticles for delivery of curcumin. The size of these complex nanoparticles was decreased from 583.1 to 267.4 nm as the microfluidization pressure was increased from 0 to 100 MPa. In the combined treatment of microfluidization and heating, 100 MPa and 75 °C were the optimum parameters to prepare zein–PGA–TS complex nanoparticles for a better protection of curcumin against various environmental stresses. SEM revealed a synergistic effect of microfluidization and heating on the fabrication of complex nanoparticles with a more uniform size and spherical shape. During in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the complex nanoparticles showed an excellent gastric stability and a sustained release of curcumin in the small intestinal phase. These findings interpreted the effects of microfluidization and thermal treatment on the functional properties of protein–polysaccharide–surfactant complex nanoparticles that can be utilized to develop food grade nanoparticles with enhanced stability and controllable digestion behaviour.

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Many gene sequences in eukaryotic genomes encode entire proteins or large segments of proteins that lack a well-structured three-dimensional fold. Disordered regions can be highly conserved between species in both composition and sequence and, contrary to the traditional view that protein function equates with a stable three-dimensional structure, disordered regions are often functional, in ways that we are only beginning to discover. Many disordered segments fold on binding to their biological targets (coupled folding and binding), whereas others constitute flexible linkers that have a role in the assembly of macromolecular arrays.

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Natural emulsifiers - Biosurfactants, phospholipids, biopolymers, and colloidal particles: Molecular and physicochemical basis of functional performance.

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Controlled delivery of a bioactive to specific organ, cellular and sub-cellular level is a desired feature of a drug carrier system. In order to achieve this goal, formulation scientists search for better alternatives of biomaterials to deliver the therapeutics in more precise and controlled manner in vivo. Zein, a plant protein obtained from corn, is a useful biomaterial for several industrial applications including agriculture, cosmetics, packaging and pharmaceuticals. Being a hydrophobic protein, which is biodegradable, biocompatible, economic to use and with generally regarded safe "GRAS" status, it is an attractive biomaterial for human use. Novel biomedical applications of zein such as controlled and targeted delivery of bioactives and tissue engineering are the current research interests of the scientific fraternity. Here we attempt to review the literature on zein as a biopolymer for drug/vaccine/gene delivery and its applicability in tissue engineering.