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      Ticks on domestic animals in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil Translated title: Carrapatos em animais domésticos em Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil

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          Abstract

          The objective of this article was to discuss some aspects of ticks associated with domestic animals in the State of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, based on a literature review and present new data obtained from recent tick collections carried out in this northeastern Brazilian state. From August 2007 to June 2008, 1,405 ticks were collected and five species were identified: Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787), Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Dermacentornitens Neumann, 1897, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887), and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille,1806). Dogs from urban areas were found exclusively infested by R. sanguineus, whereas dogs from rural areas were found infested by A. cajennense, A. ovale, R. (B.) microplus, and R. sanguineus. The only tick species found on cattle and goats was R. (B.) microplus. Horses were found infested by D. nitens and at a lesser extent by A. cajennense and R. (B.) microplus. The only tick species found on donkeys was D. nitens. This study confirms the presence of A. cajennense inPernambuco and describes for the first time the presence of A. ovale in this state. The medical and veterinary relevance and control of ticks associated with domestic animals in Pernambuco are also briefly discussed.

          Translated abstract

          O objetivo desse artigo é discutir alguns aspectos relacionados aos carrapatos que parasitam animais domésticos no Estado de Pernambuco com base numa revisão da literatura e apresentar novos dados obtidos a partir de recentes coletas de carrapatos realizadas nesse estado do nordeste brasileiro. De agosto de 2007 a junho de 2008, 1.405 carrapatos foram coletados e cinco espécies foram identificadas: Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787), Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) e Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806). Cães de áreas urbanas foram encontrados infestados exclusivamente por R. sanguineus ao passo que cães de áreas rurais foram encontrados parasitados por A. cajennense, A. ovale, R. (B.) microplus e R. sanguineus. A única espécie identificada sobre bovinos e caprinos foi R. (B.) microplus. Equinos foram encontrados infestados por D. nitens e menos frequentemente por A. cajennense e R. (B.) microplus. A única espécie de carrapato encontrada sobre asininos foi D. nitens. Esse estudo confirma a presença de A. cajennense em Pernambuco e registra pela primeira vez a presença de A. ovale nesse estado. A importância médica e veterinária e a situação do controle de carrapatos de animais domésticos em Pernambuco são brevemente discutidas.

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          The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): from taxonomy to control.

          Rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly known as the brown dog tick, is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dogs and occasionally on other hosts, including humans. R. sanguineus ticks are widely distributed around the world and they are known vectors of pathogens, such as Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Rickettsia conorii. The increasing number of cases of human parasitism by R. sanguineus ticks reported in the literature indicates that the interaction between humans and R. sanguineus ticks may be more common than it is actually recognized. The indiscriminate use of acaricides is an emerging problem worldwide and has led to the selection of acaricide resistant tick strains. In this article, the medical and veterinary importance, taxonomy, biology, and ecology of R. sanguineus ticks around the world are reviewed. It also discusses the current strategies for the control of R. sanguineus, highlighting the potential risks associated to the improper use of acaricides, such as environmental pollution and toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms (e.g., tick predators).
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            On climate variability in Northeast of Brazil

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              Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

              Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a life-threatening disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, an obligately intracellular bacterium that is spread to human beings by ticks. More than a century after its first clinical description, this disease is still among the most virulent human infections identified, being potentially fatal even in previously healthy young people. The diagnosis of RMSF is based on the patient's history and a physical examination, and often presents a dilemma for clinicians because of the non-specific presentation of the disease in its early course. Early empirical treatment is essential to prevent severe complications or a fatal outcome, and treatment should be initiated even in unconfirmed cases. Because there is no vaccine available against RMSF, avoidance of tick-infested areas is still the best way to prevent the infection.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbpv
                Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
                Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária (Jaboticabal )
                1984-2961
                September 2009
                : 18
                : 3
                : 22-28
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Università degli Studi di Bari
                Article
                S1984-29612009000300004
                10.4322/rbpv.01803004
                ad5a974c-b6fe-4693-8933-6d667da8eb3e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1984-2961&lng=en
                Categories
                PARASITOLOGY
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                Parasitology,General veterinary medicine
                Brazil,taxonomia,animais domésticos,Brasil,Ixodidae,taxonomy,domestic animals

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