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      Revision of the Neotropical Neuratelia Rondani (Diptera, Mycetophilidae, Sciophilinae): two new species, a new combination, and a new synonym

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          We describe two new Neotropical species of Neuratelia Rondani from the high Central Andes of Colombia, N. altoandina sp. nov. and N. colombiana sp. nov. The holotype of Eudicrana elegans Lane actually is a species of Neuratelia and a new combination is proposed. Our examination of the holotype of Neuratelia sapaici Lane from southeastern Brazil shows this species to be a synonym of N. elegans (Lane), which is formally proposed here. Neuratelia sapaici is redescribed. The position of these three species within the genus is discussed. A key for the Neotropical species of Neuratelia is provided.

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          Phylogeny of the Mycetophiliformia, with proposal of the subfamilies  Heterotrichinae, Ohakuneinae, and Chiletrichinae for the Rangomaramidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha)

          A phylogenetic analysis of the Mycetophiliformia (= Sciaroidea) was performed to determine the relationships among its families and to place the following genera of uncertain position in the system: Heterotricha, Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Freemanomyia, Rhynchoheterotricha, Chiletricha, Afrotricha, Anisotricha, Kenyatricha, Nepaletricha, Sciarosoma, Sciaropota, Insulatricha, Cabamofa, Rogambara, and Starkomyia. Eratomyia n. gen. is described based on a new species from Ecuador. Colonomyia brasiliana sp.n. and Colonomyia freemani sp.n. are described respectively from southern Brazil and Chile. The male of Cabamofa mira Jaschhof is described for the first time. A total of 64 terminal taxa and 137 transformation series (with 202 characters) were included in the data matrix, with a number of new features from thoracic morphology. Willi Hennig’s 1973 system for the higher Bibionomorpha was adopted using the name Mycetophiliformia for the Sciaroidea. The Mycetophiliformia are monophyletic. The family Cecidomyiidae appears as the sister group of the remaining Mycetophiliformia, followed by the Sciaridae. In the preferred topology, the Rangomaramidae appear as the group sister of a clade consisting of (Ditomyiidae + Bolitophilidae + Diadocidiidae + Keroplatidae) and of (Lygistorrhinidae + Mycetophilidae). The topology within the Rangomaramidae is (Chiletrichinae subfam. n. (Heterotrichinae subfam. n. ((Rangomaraminae + Ohakuneinae subfam. n.))). The Chiletrichinae include the genera Kenyatricha, Rhynchoheterotricha, Insulatricha, Chiletricha, and Eratomyia n. gen. Heterotrichinae and Rangomaraminae are monotypic. The subfamily Ohakuneinae includes Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Cabamofa, and Rogambara. The positions of Freemanomyia, Loicia, Taxicnemis, Sciaropota, Starkomyia, Anisotricha, Nepaletricha, and Sciarosoma are considered. Afrotricha might belong to the Sciaridae. The similarities used by many authors to gather the Sciaridae and Mycetophilidae in a clade are shown to be a combination of plesiomorphies and homoplasies.
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            Dipterologiae Italicae / prodromus A. Camillo Rondani.

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              Two new Neuratelia Rondani (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) species from Western Palaearctic: a case of limited congruence between morphology and DNA sequence data

              Abstract Two new Mycetophilidae species, Neuratelia jabalmoussae sp. n. and Neuratelia salmelai sp. n. are described on the basis of material collected from Lebanon, Estonia and Finland. Detailed figures of male terminalia and photographs of general facies are provided along with discussions of their morphological distinction from sibling species. For the first time molecular characters are used to distinguish new fungus gnat species. Molecular analysis relies on cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) but has additionally been corroborated by information from the 28S and ITS2 regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Situations where morphological and molecular data provide conflicting evidence for species delimitation are discussed. A new country record from Georgia is provided for Neuratelia caucasica .
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                2
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048d35-bb1d-5ce8-9668-537e44bd4c7e
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2019
                08 July 2019
                : 861
                : 63-79
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Grupo de Entomología, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 # 53-108, Medellín, Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
                [2 ] Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Riberão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Carolina Henao-Sepúlveda ( carolinahenao8@ 123456hotmail.com ; andreac.henao@ 123456udea.edu.co )

                Academic editor: V. Blagoderov

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-5752
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-7083
                Article
                32835 urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:1b82250f-95b8-5822-8f83-4b0382c81a70 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:26E40900-AE0D-45E0-815E-8FE2AE95D3EA
                10.3897/zookeys.861.32835
                6629717
                aea400d3-18db-47e2-b33f-858d573a9042
                Carolina Henao-Sepúlveda, Marta Wolff, Dalton de Souza Amorim

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 04 January 2019
                : 07 June 2019
                Categories
                Research Article
                Diptera
                Mycetophilidae
                Identification Key
                Taxonomy
                Andes
                Brazil
                Colombia
                South America

                Animal science & Zoology
                andean ecosystem,biogeography,neotropical diversity,taxonomy,animalia,diptera,mycetophilidae

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