Inviting an author to review:
Find an author and click ‘Invite to review selected article’ near their name.
Search for authorsSearch for similar articles
0
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Caracterização e classificação de terras pretas arqueológicas na Região do Médio Rio Madeira Translated title: Characterization and classification of archaeological dark earths from the Middle Madeira River Region

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Apesar da existência de muitas pesquisas sobre as Terras Pretas Arqueológicas, poucos são os trabalhos que têm procurado entender e esclarecer dúvidas sobre a gênese e o comportamento destes solos. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e classificar terras pretas arqueológicas de quatro sítios na Região do Médio Rio Madeira. Nesses locais, foram abertas trincheiras e os perfis caracterizados morfologicamente e amostrados. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises físicas: textura, argila dispersa em água, densidades do solo e das partículas, porosidade total e condutividade hidráulica saturada. As análises químicas constaram de: pH em água e KCl, cátions trocáveis, Al trocável, P disponível, acidez titulável (H+Al) e C orgânico, Al2O3 e Fe2O3 e SiO2 extraídos pelo método do ataque sulfúrico, e teor de C das substâncias húmicas. Para determinar óxidos de Fe foram utilizados o ditionito-citrato-bicarbonato (Fed) e o oxalato ácido de amônio (Feo). As análises mineralógicas das frações areia, silte e argila foram feitas por difratometria de raios-X. Os perfis foram classificados no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos como: Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo, Argissolo Acinzentado e Argissolo Amarelo. Os solos apresentaram horizonte A antrópico com características químicas e de profundidade semelhantes, sugerindo certa similaridade dos fatores antrópicos que promoveram sua formação. Os horizontes antrópicos de todos os perfis amostrados na região tinham caráter eutrófico e teores altos a muito altos de fósforo disponível, sempre maiores que os dos horizontes subjacentes. Sugere-se a inclusão do subgrupo antrópico no SiBCS.

          Translated abstract

          Although several studies have been published about the Archaeological Dark Earths, few of them tried to understand and elucidate questions about the pedogenesis and behavior of these soils. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize and classify Archaeological Dark Earths in four sites, selected in the region of the Middle Madeira River. Four pedons were morphologically characterized and collected for chemical, physical and mineralogical analysis. Physical analysis involved particle size distribution, water dispersible clay, soil bulk and particle density, total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Chemical analysis involved pH in water and KCl, exchangeable cations, exchangeable aluminum, available P, extractable acidity (Al+H), organic carbon and, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O(3)3 extracted with H2SO4. Free iron oxides were extracted with dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate and poor crystalline iron oxides were extracted using ammonium acid oxalate. Mineralogical analysis of sand, silt and clay fractions were carried out by X-ray diffraction. The studied soils were classified in the Brazilian System of Soil Classification as Red Yellow Argisol, Gray Argisol and Yellow Argisol. The presence of the anthropogenic A horizons with similar chemical properties and depths in all studied sites suggests that similar conditions have influenced their formation. All anthropogenic horizons studied in the region showed high base saturation and high to very high P availability as compared to subjacent horizons. The inclusion of the anthropogenic subgroup in the Brazilian System of Soil Classification was also suggested.

          Related collections

          Most cited references31

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon balance and soil microbial activity

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Black carbon in density fractions of anthropogenic soils of the Brazilian Amazon region

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Prehistorically modified soils of central Amazonia: a model for sustainable agriculture in the twenty-first century.

              Terra Preta soils of central Amazonia exhibit approximately three times more soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and 70 times more charcoal compared to adjacent infertile soils. The Terra Preta soils were generated by pre-Columbian native populations by chance or intentionally adding large amounts of charred residues (charcoal), organic wastes, excrements and bones. In this paper, it is argued that generating new Terra Preta sites ('Terra Preta nova') could be the basis for sustainable agriculture in the twenty-first century to produce food for billions of people, and could lead to attaining three Millennium Development Goals: (i) to combat desertification, (ii) to sequester atmospheric CO2 in the long term, and (iii) to maintain biodiversity hotspots such as tropical rainforests. Therefore, large-scale generation and utilization of Terra Preta soils would decrease the pressure on primary forests that are being extensively cleared for agricultural use with only limited fertility and sustainability and, hence, only providing a limited time for cropping. This would maintain biodiversity while mitigating both land degradation and climate change. However, it should not be overlooked that the infertility of most tropical soils (and associated low population density) is what could have prevented tropical forests undergoing large-scale clearance for agriculture. Increased fertility may increase the populations supported by shifting cultivation, thereby maintaining and increasing pressure on forests.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                brag
                Bragantia
                Bragantia
                Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                0006-8705
                1678-4499
                2011
                : 70
                : 3
                : 598-609
                Affiliations
                [01] AM orgnameUniversidade Federal do Amazonas
                [02] Recife PE orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
                Article
                S0006-87052011000300016 S0006-8705(11)07000316
                af31a795-6fee-4916-970f-dabb1cccbe4c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 May 2010
                : 12 October 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Solos e Nutrição de Plantas

                SiBCS,Amazon environments,pedogênese,taxonomia de solos,ambiente amazônico,pedogenesis,soil taxonomy

                Comments

                Comment on this article