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      Factores asociados a los defectos refractivos en una población urbana de los andes peruanos Translated title: Factors associated with refractive defects in an urban population of the peruvian andes

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a los defectos refractivos en una población urbana de los andes peruanos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico de análisis secundario de datos, usando la totalidad de los registros de los pacientes que acudieron a la consulta oftalmológica entre enero-mayo del 2015, se capturó las variables de: tipo de ametropía (astigmatismo, miopía e hipermetropía), sexo, edad, ocupación y localidad de residencia de los pacientes. Se obtuvo los valores p, razones de prevalencia e intervalos de confianza al 95% mediante los modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: De los 1815 atendidos, la media de edades fue 30 años (desviación estándar 10,9 años), el 46%(829) fueron hombres, el 93%(1692) vivía en la ciudad de Huancayo, la ocupación más frecuente fue el ser estudiantes, 38%(696). Incrementó la frecuencia de hipermetropía el tener más de 60 años (p<0,001; RP:1,99; IC95%:1,48-2,67) y el ser ama de casa (p<0,001; RP:1,56; IC95%:1,24-1,96), por el contrario, los estudiantes tuvieron menores porcentajes de hipermetropía (p:0,009; RP:0,78; IC95%:0,65-0,94). Se encontró que las amas de casa tuvieron una menor frecuencia de miopía (p:0,026; RP:0,80; IC95:0,65-0,97), además, los mayores de 60 años también tuvieron menores frecuencias de miopía (p:0,002; RP:0,64; IC95%:0,48-0,85). Conclusión: Se encontró que algunos de los factores socio-laborales evaluados estuvieron asociados a sufrir de defectos refractivos en una población de los andes centrales de Perú, estos resultados pueden ser tomados en cuenta para futuras investigaciones, planes preventivos de despistaje de patologías oftalmológicas y como base para futuras investigaciones en poblaciones similares.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To determine the factors associated with refractive defects in an urban population of the Peruvian Andes. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study of secondary data analysis was performed, using all the records of the patients who attended the ophthalmological consultation between January and May 2015, the variables of type of ametropia (astigmatism, myopia and hyperopia), Sex, age, occupation and place of residence of the patients. P values, prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using generalized linear models. Results: Of the 1815 attended, the average age was 30 years (standard deviation 10.9 years), 46% (829) were men, 93% (1692) lived in the city of Huancayo, the most frequent occupation was being Students, 38% (696). Increasing the frequency of hyperopia was more than 60 years old (p <0.001, PR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.48-2.67) and being a housewife (p <0.001, PR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.24-1.96), on the contrary, the students had lower percentages of hypermetropia (p: 0.009, PR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65-0.94). It was found that housewives had a lower frequency of myopia (p: 0.026; PR: 0.80; IC95: 0.65-0.97); in addition, those over 60 also had lower frequencies of myopia (p : 0.002, PR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.85). Conclusion: It was found that some of the socio-labor factors evaluated were associated with refractive defects in a population of the central Andes of Peru, these results can be taken into account for future research, preventive plans for ophthalmologic pathologies and as a basis for Future research in similar populations.

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          Prevalence of Myopia and Its Risk Factors in Urban School Children in Delhi: The North India Myopia Study (NIM Study)

          Purpose Assess prevalence of myopia and identify associated risk factors in urban school children. Methods This was a cross-sectional study screening children for sub-normal vision and refractive errors in Delhi. Vision was tested by trained health workers using ETDRS charts. Risk factor questionnaire was filled for children with vision 11 years) children (p 5 hours per day (p 2 hours / day (p 2 hours in a day. Conclusion Myopia is a major health problem in Indian school children. It is important to identify modifiable risk factors associated with its development and try to develop cost effective intervention strategies.
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            Prevalence of cataract after collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens implantation for myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.

            To evaluate the prevalence of cataract after Implantable Collamer Lens phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation with different models at different ages and for different refractive powers.
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              Childhood myopia: epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention.

              Our understanding of the dynamic interaction between the eye's growth and its ability to adapt to maintain vision has shown that childhood myopia is a significant prediction of progressive myopia and the potentially severe ocular comorbidities associated with it. It is important for us to better understand this process and its risk factors in order to better develop a prevention and treatment strategy. This article will discuss the epidemiology, risk factors and current therapeutic regimens for reducing myopic progression.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbof
                Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia
                Rev. bras.oftalmol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmologia (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0034-7280
                1982-8551
                June 2020
                : 79
                : 3
                : 164-168
                Affiliations
                [2] Trujillo La Libertad orgnameUniversidad Privada Antenor Orrego orgdiv1Escuela de Posgrado Peru
                [3] Lima orgnameAsociación médica de Investigación y servicios en salud Perú
                [1] Huancayo Estado de México orgnameUniversidad Continental orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina Humana Mexico
                Article
                S0034-72802020000300164 S0034-7280(20)07900300164
                10.5935/0034-7280.20200036
                afbb8493-a7e7-4e87-a01a-90c8a8020160

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 May 2020
                : 05 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 5

                Miopía,Hiperopía,Instituciones de atención ambulatoria,Hyperopia,Ambulatory care facilities,Peru,Refractive errors,Vision disorders,Myopia,Astigmatism,Defectos refractivos,Trastornos de la visión,Astigmatismo

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