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PD-L1 (B7-H1) expression by urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and BCG-induced granulomata: associations with localized stage progression.
Brant A Inman
1 ,
Thomas J Sebo ,
Xavier Frigola ,
Haidong Dong ,
Eric J Bergstralh ,
Igor Frank ,
Yves Fradet ,
Louis Lacombe ,
Eugene D Kwon
Apr 15 2007
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Abstract
PD-L1 (programmed death ligand 1, B7-H1) is a cell surface glycoprotein that can impair T-cell function. PD-L1 is aberrantly expressed by multiple human malignancies and has been shown to carry a highly unfavorable prognosis in patients with kidney cancer. The role of PD-L1 was evaluated as a mechanism for local stage progression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder.