Endocan and a novel score for dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation (DOI score) are independently correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA _1c) in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction

We aimed to examine serum endocan level and the summary involvement of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation by calculation of its comprehensive score (i.e. Dyslipidemia-Oxy-Inflammation (DOI) score) in relation to glucoregulation in subjects with prediabetes and overt type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Material and methods

A total of 59 patients with prediabetes and 102 patients with T2D were compared with 117 diabetes-free controls. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA _1c), inflammation, OS and lipid parameters were measured. Associations of clinical data with HbA _1c level were tested with univariate and multivariate logistic ordinal regression analysis. HbA _1c as a dependent variable is given at the ordinal level (i.e. < 5.7%; 5.7–6.4%, > 6.4%, respectively).

Results

Endocan was significantly higher in the T2D group than in the controls. As endocan concentration rose by 1 unit, the probability for higher HbA _1c concentration increased by more than 3 times (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.84–7.01, p < 0.001). Also, a rise in the dyslipidemia score, oxy score, inflammation score and DOI score by 1 unit increased the probability of higher HbA _1c concentration by 19%, 13%, 51% and 11%, respectively. In the models, after adjustment for confounding variables, endocan and DOI score remained independent predictors of HbA _1c level.

Conclusions

Endocan and DOI score are independently correlated with HbA _1c in patients with prediabetes and overt T2D.