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      Damselfish face climate change: Impact of temperature and habitat structure on agonistic behavior

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          Abstract

          Oceans absorb a huge part of the atmospheric heat, leading to the rise in water temperature. Reefs are among the most affected ecosystems, where the complex behavioral repertoire of fishes is usually an indicator of environmental impacts. Here, we examined whether temperature (28 and 34°C) and habitat complexity (high and low) interact to affect the agonistic behavior (mirror test) of the dusky damselfish ( Stegastes fuscus), a key species in Brazilian reefs because of its gardening capacity and territorial behavior. Higher temperatures altered basal behavior in both high and low-complexity conditions. Fish kept at 28°C under the high-complexity condition were more aggressive than those at a higher temperature (34°C) and in a low-complexity condition, which also exhibited lower dispersion. Our data show that changes in behavior of coral reef fish is associated to fluctuations in environmental conditions. Thus, it is important to implement management or conservation strategies that could mitigate global change effects.

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          Most cited references59

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          Dynamic fragility of oceanic coral reef ecosystems.

          As one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems known, and one of the first ecosystems to exhibit major climate-warming impacts (coral bleaching), coral reefs have drawn much scientific attention to what may prove to be their Achilles heel, the thermal sensitivity of reef-building corals. Here we show that climate change-driven loss of live coral, and ultimately structural complexity, in the Seychelles results in local extinctions, substantial reductions in species richness, reduced taxonomic distinctness, and a loss of species within key functional groups of reef fish. The importance of deteriorating physical structure to these patterns demonstrates the longer-term impacts of bleaching on reefs and raises questions over the potential for recovery. We suggest that isolated reef systems may be more susceptible to climate change, despite escaping many of the stressors impacting continental reefs.
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            Behavioral responses to changing environments

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              Analysis of the influence of substrate variables on coral reef fish communities

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Formal analysis
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                30 June 2020
                2020
                : 15
                : 6
                : e0235389
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Laboratório de Peixes, Departamento de Fisiologia e Comportamento, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
                [2 ] Laboratório de Ecologia Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
                California Academy of Sciences, UNITED STATES
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-7842
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-7439
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-7859
                Article
                PONE-D-19-24418
                10.1371/journal.pone.0235389
                7326182
                32603347
                b1ccea37-6df8-4bd9-92db-4f28a1cfcd09
                © 2020 da Silva-Pinto et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 29 August 2019
                : 16 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 4, Pages: 13
                Funding
                MMS, JFdS, ALPM and EAV were financed in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Behavior
                Animal Behavior
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Behavior
                Animal Behavior
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animal Behavior
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Marine Biology
                Coral Reefs
                Earth Sciences
                Marine and Aquatic Sciences
                Marine Biology
                Coral Reefs
                Earth Sciences
                Marine and Aquatic Sciences
                Reefs
                Coral Reefs
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Fish Biology
                Fish Physiology
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animal Physiology
                Vertebrate Physiology
                Fish Physiology
                Ecology and Environmental Sciences
                Habitats
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Physiology
                Biological Locomotion
                Swimming
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Physiology
                Biological Locomotion
                Swimming
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Vertebrates
                Fish
                Marine Fish
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Marine Biology
                Marine Fish
                Earth Sciences
                Marine and Aquatic Sciences
                Marine Biology
                Marine Fish
                Earth Sciences
                Atmospheric Science
                Climatology
                Climate Change
                Global Warming
                Earth Sciences
                Marine and Aquatic Sciences
                Oceanography
                Ocean Temperature
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.

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                Uncategorized

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