Five-year evaluation of anticaries effects of pit and fissure sealant in the first permanent molars for school-age children in Henan Province

Abstract

Objective To investigate the retention rate and anticaries effects of pit and fissure sealant in the first permanent alter 5 years among children in Henan Province.

Methods Random cluster sampling was used in 8 counties/districts of Henan Province that participated in the comprehensive intervention program for children’s oral diseases in 2015. One project school was selected from each county, and two classes of sixth grade students were selected from each school. In the selected class, children who underwent pit and fissure sealing in the first permanent molars in 2015 were treated as the experimental group, and children who met the indications but did not undergo pit and fissure sealing were treated as the control group. The retention of sealant and caries in the first permanent molars were investigated.

Results After 5 years of pit and fissure sealing, the complete retention rate, partial retention rate and complete abscission rate were 15.84%, 55.32% and 28.84%, respectively. The incidence of caries in the experimental group (19.02%, 0.44±0.87) was lower than that in the control group (27.91%, 0.54±1.00) ( χ ²/ t = 11.98, 2.63, P<0.05). The caries reduction rate was 31.85%. The rate of net benefit was 8.59%. The higher the retention rate of sealant, the lower the incidence of caries ( χ ² = 167.16, P<0.01).

Conclusion The long-term effect of the comprehensive intervention project on children’s oral diseases in Henan Province is promising. Pit and fissure sealant can effectively prevent caries in children’s first permanent molars.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解河南省儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目实施 5 年后, 儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭剂保留情况及患龋情况。 方法 采用随机整群抽样方法, 在河南省 2015 年参与儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目的 8 个县区, 每个县区抽取 1 所项目学 校, 每所学校抽取 2~3 个班的六年级学生。被抽中班级中 2015 年进行了第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭的 978 名儿童作为实验组, 符合适应症但未进行窝沟封闭的 344 名儿童作为对照组, 对其第一恒磨牙封闭剂保留及患龋情况进行调查。 结果 窝沟 封闭 5 年后, 封闭剂完全保留率 15.84%, 部分保留率 55.32%, 完全脱落率 28.84%。实验组儿童龋病发病率及龋均 (19.02%, 0.44±0.87) 均低于对照组 (27.91%, 0.54±1.00) ( χ ²/ t 值分别为 11.98, −2.63, P 值均 <0.05), 龋齿降低率为 31.85%, 纯收益率为 8.59%。封闭剂保留率越高, 龋病发病率越低 ( χ ² _趋势 = 167.16, P<0.01)。 结论 河南省儿童口腔疾病综 合干预项目远期效果良好, 窝沟封闭可有效预防儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟龋。