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      Predictors and Correlates of Saudi Nursing Students' Grit and Positive Thinking Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Academic success requires grit and positive thinking. However, research on Middle Eastern nursing students' grit and positive thinking is limited. This study investigated the demographic variables that correlate to and predict Saudi nursing students' grit and positive thinking.

          Method

          A descriptive cross-sectional design guided this study. We used the 12-item Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) and 8-item Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS) to collect data from 338 nursing students. The Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were utilized to analyze the data.

          Findings

          Nursing students' Grit-S mean score is more significant than their PTSS score. The year level is inversely associated with Grit-S, while gender and Grit-S had a weak direct correlation. Regarding PTSS, only the year level was inversely correlated. Finally, both the year level and gender were significant predictors of Grit-S and PTSS.

          Discussion

          Participants' responses to Grit-S and PTSS scores vary greatly depending on their demographics. The nursing students' grit and positive thinking did not develop as they progressed in the nursing program, which is viewed differently by each gender.

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          The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education

          Keith Taber (2018)
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            Development and validation of the short grit scale (grit-s).

            Angela Duckworth, Patrick D Quinn (2009)
            In this article, we introduce brief self-report and informant-report versions of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals. The Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) retains the 2-factor structure of the original Grit Scale (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007) with 4 fewer items and improved psychometric properties. We present evidence for the Grit-S's internal consistency, test-retest stability, consensual validity with informant-report versions, and predictive validity. Among adults, the Grit-S was associated with educational attainment and fewer career changes. Among adolescents, the Grit-S longitudinally predicted GPA and, inversely, hours watching television. Among cadets at the United States Military Academy, West Point, the Grit-S predicted retention. Among Scripps National Spelling Bee competitors, the Grit-S predicted final round attained, a relationship mediated by lifetime spelling practice.
            Article 0 comments Cited 594 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Is Open Access

              Cross-cultural adaptation of research instruments: language, setting, time and statistical considerations

              Linn Gjersing, John Caplehorn, Thomas Clausen (2010)
              Background Research questionnaires are not always translated appropriately before they are used in new temporal, cultural or linguistic settings. The results based on such instruments may therefore not accurately reflect what they are supposed to measure. This paper aims to illustrate the process and required steps involved in the cross-cultural adaptation of a research instrument using the adaptation process of an attitudinal instrument as an example. Methods A questionnaire was needed for the implementation of a study in Norway 2007. There was no appropriate instruments available in Norwegian, thus an Australian-English instrument was cross-culturally adapted. Results The adaptation process included investigation of conceptual and item equivalence. Two forward and two back-translations were synthesized and compared by an expert committee. Thereafter the instrument was pretested and adjusted accordingly. The final questionnaire was administered to opioid maintenance treatment staff (n=140) and harm reduction staff (n=180). The overall response rate was 84%. The original instrument failed confirmatory analysis. Instead a new two-factor scale was identified and found valid in the new setting. Conclusions The failure of the original scale highlights the importance of adapting instruments to current research settings. It also emphasizes the importance of ensuring that concepts within an instrument are equal between the original and target language, time and context. If the described stages in the cross-cultural adaptation process had been omitted, the findings would have been misleading, even if presented with apparent precision. Thus, it is important to consider possible barriers when making a direct comparison between different nations, cultures and times.
              Article 0 comments Cited 221 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Teach Learn Nurs
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Teach Learn Nurs
                Title: Teaching and Learning in Nursing
                Publisher: Organization for Associate Degree Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc.
                ISSN (Print): 1557-2013
                ISSN (Electronic): 1557-3087
                Publication date PMC-release: 28 June 2022
                Publication date (Electronic): 28 June 2022
                Affiliations
                [a ]Associate Professor, Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, KSA, 55473
                [b ]Associate Professor, Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, KSA, 55473
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Mohammed Hamdan Alshammari, PhD, RN, Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, KSA, 55473. Telephone no.: (966) 533000347.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1557-3087(22)00076-2
                DOI: 10.1016/j.teln.2022.06.012
                PMC ID: 9236914
                PubMed ID: 35783667
                SO-VID: b755a0bc-a42e-4823-94b0-e0e4b985d4d0
                Copyright © © 2022 Organization for Associate Degree Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date accepted : 23 June 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: grit,nursing,nursing student,perseverance,positive thinking,positivity
                Data availability:
                Keywords: grit, nursing, nursing student, perseverance, positive thinking, positivity

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