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      The effect of 1 year of trilostane treatment on peripheral lymphocyte subsets in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

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          Abstract

          This study investigated the changes in lymphocyte subsets during the trilostane medication of Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) dogs. The cortisol level and lymphocyte subsets of eight dogs with PDH were monitored 0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the initiation of trilostane treatment. White blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, CD3 + (T lymphocyte), CD4 + (helper T lymphocyte), CD8 + (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and CD21 + (B lymphocyte) cells were measured. Although the post-ACTH stimulation test cortisol level was significantly lower during trilostane treatment, changes in the CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + and CD21 + counts were not observed. Meanwhile, significant decrease was observed in WBC counts during trilostane treatment. These indicate that long-term trilostane treatment has little effect on the lymphocyte subsets in PDH dogs.

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          Differential Th1/Th2 cytokine patterns in chronic arthritis: interferon gamma is highly expressed in synovium of rheumatoid arthritis compared with seronegative spondyloarthropathies.

          J D Cañete, J Muñoz-Bono, M Blay … (2000)
          To investigate possible differences in Th1 and Th2 cytokine mRNA expression in the synovial tissue (ST) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA) with diagnostic and/or pathogenic interest. Eleven RA patients and 14 SpA patients (10 with undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA), two with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and two with psoriatic arthritis (PsA)) were included. Th1 (interferon gamma, interleukin 2) and Th2 (interleukin 4, interleukin 5 and interleukin 10) cytokine mRNA levels from arthritic knee ST were quantified by using an optimised polymerase chain reaction method with a computerised analysis system. Protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) in synovial fluid were quantified with a specific ELISA test. Th1 cytokines were detected in all of RA ST samples in contrast with 58% (interferon gamma) and 71% (interleukin 2) of SpA samples. Th2 cytokines were expressed in 90% of RA ST samples, but the findings in SpA were interleukin 10 in 90%, interleukin 4 in 60% and interleukin 5 in 40% of ST samples. However, when the mRNA levels of each cytokine were quantified and corrected for T cell mRNA levels, only interferon gamma levels were significantly higher in RA than in SpA (p<0.003). Thus, the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio in RA was fivefold that of SpA. Synovial fluid interleukin 1beta concentrations were higher in RA than in SpA (p<0. 05); there were also higher synovial fluid levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha in RA than in SpA, but without statistical significance. This study has detected both Th1 and Th2 cytokine gene expression in ST from RA and SpA patients. Synovium interferon gamma mRNA levels and SF interleukin 1beta protein levels were significantly higher in RA than in SpA, so reflecting the known proinflammatory activity of interferon gamma through macrophage activation. Thus, the Th1 (interferon gamma)/Th2 (interleukin 4) ratio is significantly higher in RA than in SpA ST. These data confirm previous studies on ST Th1/Th2 balance in RA and extend previous work in comparing ST RA with subgroups of SpA distinct of ReA.
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            Results of clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and ultrasonography in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane.

            Nadja Sieber-Ruckstuhl, Claudia Nett, Claudia E Reusch (2002)
            To determine the efficacy of trilostane, a 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor, in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH).
            Article 0 comments Cited 20 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Trilostane treatment of 78 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism.

              R Neiger, I K Ramsey, J O'Connor … (2002)
              The efficacy of trilostane in the treatment of canine pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) was evaluated in 78 dogs with the condition which were treated for up to three years. The drug appeared to be well tolerated by almost all the dogs, and only two developed clinical signs and biochemical evidence of hypoadrenocorticism. Polyuria and polydipsia completely resolved in 70 per cent of the dogs that had these problems, and skin changes resolved in 62 per cent of the dogs that had skin abnormalities. There was a significant reduction (P<0.001 in each case) in both the mean basal and post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) cortisol concentrations after a mean of 12.3 days of treatment. The post-ACTH cortisol concentration decreased to less than 250 nmol/litre in 81 per cent of the dogs within one month of the start of treatment and in another 15 per cent at some later time. The median survival time of the 26 dogs which died was 549 days, and 51 of the dogs were alive at the completion of the study. One was lost to follow up after 241 days treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Vet Med Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Vet. Med. Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JVMS
                Title: The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
                Publisher: The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
                ISSN (Print): 0916-7250
                ISSN (Electronic): 1347-7439
                Publication date (Electronic): 17 January 2016
                Publication date (Print): May 2016
                Volume: 78
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 851-854
                Affiliations
                [1) ]School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1–7–1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180–8602, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence to: Mori, A., School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1–7–1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180–8602, Japan. e-mail: amori@ 123456nvlu.ac.jp
                Article
                Publisher ID: 15-0410
                DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0410
                PMC ID: 4905842
                PubMed ID: 26782012
                SO-VID: b9869222-280b-4682-af1d-cf473914802d
                Copyright © ©2016 The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

                History
                Date received : 07 July 2015
                Date accepted : 04 January 2016
                Categories
                Subject: Internal Medicine
                Subject: Note

                Keywords: acth stimulation test,cortisol,immune suppression,white blood cells
                Data availability:
                Keywords: acth stimulation test, cortisol, immune suppression, white blood cells

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