Use of haemostatic matrix in management of rectus hematoma in an anticoagulated patient: a case report

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Abstract

Rectus sheath hematoma may present as a painful mass in the anterior abdominal wall. The underlying reasons may vary, while anticoagulant use and thromboembolism prophylaxis are documented causes. Treatment is mostly conservative however interventional procedures can be required. We herein present a case of 76-year-old patient with an uncontrolled rectus hematoma despite surgical hemostasis. The patient was treated succesfully by applying hemostatic matrix (Floseal).

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Rectus sheath hematoma: review of 126 cases at a single institution.

Erica N. Mueller, G W Cherry (2006)

Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is an uncommon condition characterized by abdominal pain and an abdominal wall mass. We reviewed the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of 126 patients treated for RSH at Mayo Clinic from January 1, 1992, to December 31, 2002. Most patients (64%) were women and the mean +/- SD age was 67.9 +/- 16.5 years. Most patients (69%) were on some form of anticoagulation therapy. The mean international normalized ratio was 2.6 +/- 2.4, and mean activated partial thromboplastin time was 64.2 +/- 42.7 seconds. No patients were pregnant or had a peritoneal dialysis catheter at the time of diagnosis. Approximately half of the patients (48%) had nonsurgical abdominal trauma around the time of diagnosis, with 37 patients (29%) having a cough. The most common presenting signs and symptoms were abdominal pain (84%) and an abdominal wall mass (63%). CT of the abdomen and pelvis was the most commonly used method to establish the diagnosis (83%). Most patients (86%) were successfully treated with symptom management and blood transfusion. Ten patients (7.9%) underwent surgery or endovascular embolization of bleeding vessels, and 2 patients (1.6%) died as a result of RSH bleeding. Although RSH is rarely fatal, the clinician should be aware of important risk factors that lead to RSH including female sex, older age, anticoagulation therapy, and cough or other abdominal trauma. Rapid diagnosis with directed history, physical examination, and CT of the abdomen and pelvis may help decrease unnecessary laparotomy and lead to better triage of patients who present with RSH.

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FloSeal Matrix: new generation topical hemostatic sealant.

Mehmet Oz, Joseph F Rondinone, Narinder Shargill (2015)

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Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial of a novel matrix hemostatic sealant in patients with acute anterior epistaxis.

Melissa R. Cruz, Joanne Mathiasen (2005)

Floseal, a novel hemostatic sealant composed of collagen-derived particles and topical bovine-derived thrombin, is applied as a high-viscosity gel for hemostasis. This study is a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial of Floseal compared with nasal packing in patients with acute anterior epistaxis. Institutional review board-approved, prospective, randomized, controlled, nonblinded, crossover clinical trial. Seventy consecutive patients presenting with acute anterior epistaxis were randomized to receive Floseal or nasal packing for control. Patients were crossed over to the other technique after two unsuccessful attempts of the first technique. Patients were seen in the clinic within 7 days for follow-up. Ten-point visual analogue scales were used to rank effectiveness (1 = ineffective, 10 = effective), physician technical ease (1 = difficult, 10 = easy), physician satisfaction (1 = unsatisfied, 10 = satisfied), patient discomfort during hemostasis (0 = none, 9 = unbearable), patient discomfort at follow-up office visit, and patient satisfaction. Additional data included need for subspecialist consultation to control bleeding, rebleeding rates within 7 days, and rebleeding at follow-up visit. Floseal (n = 35) was judged by physicians to be more effective than nasal packing (n = 35) at initial control of anterior epistaxis (9.9 vs. 7.7, P < .001). Physicians found Floseal to be easier to use (9.4 vs. 3.2, P < .001) and were more satisfied with Floseal (9.6 vs. 3.5, P < .001). Patients experienced less discomfort with Floseal than with nasal packing both at initial control (1.4 vs. 8.9, P < .001) and at follow-up visit (0.0 vs. 8.5, P < .001), and Floseal patients were more satisfied overall (9.1 vs. 2.9, P < .001). Fewer in-person otolaryngology consultations were requested for Floseal patients (8.6% vs. 31.0%, P < .05). Floseal patients experienced fewer rebleeding rates within 7 days (14% vs. 40%, P < .05). Rebleeding rates at follow-up visit were higher in the nasal packing than the Floseal group at time of packing removal (63% vs. 0%, P < .001). Eight (23%) patients were crossed over from the nasal packing group to the Floseal group when nasal packing was ineffective. One Floseal patient (3%, P < .05) was crossed over into the nasal packing group. There were no complications in either group. Floseal hemostatic sealant is a better tolerated, more effective, safe, and easy alternative to nasal packing in patients presenting with acute anterior epistaxis. Future studies may wish to evaluate Floseal's use in posterior epistaxis.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cases J

Title: Cases Journal

Publisher: Cases Network Ltd

ISSN (Electronic): 1757-1626

Publication date (Electronic): 07 July 2009

Publication date Collection: 2009

Volume: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: 6353

Affiliations

[1]simpleDepartment of Surgery, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital AnkaraTurkey

Article

Publisher ID: 6353

DOI: 10.4076/1757-1626-2-6353

PMC ID: 2740183

PubMed ID: 19829793

SO-VID: bc4bb5f9-5d14-4f6a-bbea-bc921ab796bf

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Use of haemostatic matrix in management of rectus hematoma in an anticoagulated patient: a case report

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Most cited references 14

Rectus sheath hematoma: review of 126 cases at a single institution.

FloSeal Matrix: new generation topical hemostatic sealant.

Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial of a novel matrix hemostatic sealant in patients with acute anterior epistaxis.

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