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      Tratamiento del aneurisma de aorta infrarrenal roto: cirugía abierta versus tratamiento endovascular Translated title: Treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: open surgical repair versus endovascular repair

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: el aneurisma de aorta abdominal roto (AAAr) es una patología que asocia una elevada morbimortalidad. El objetivo es analizar los resultados del tratamiento del AAAr en nuestro centro, comparando cirugía abierta (CA) y endovascular (EVAR). Material y métodos: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de pacientes intervenidos por AAAr con cuello infrarrenal entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2017, dividido en grupo CA y grupo EVAR. Análisis comparativo de comorbilidad, características anatómicas, técnica y resultados. Resultados: 54 pacientes fueron incluidos, 26 (48,1 %) en el grupo CA y 28 (51,9 %) en el EVAR. Sin diferencias en cuanto a edad (70,7 ± 7,8 años vs. 72,5 ± 9,5, p = 0,45) ni comorbilidades, salvo la dislipemia (26,9 % vs. 67,9 % p = 0,003). Los aneurismas eran mayores en el grupo CA (88,1 ± 17,9 mm vs. 72,4 ± 16 mm, p = 0,02), con un mayor porcentaje de aneurisma iliaco asociado (34,6 % vs. 17,8 %, p = 0,07). Un 65,4 % del grupo CA presentó inestabilidad hemodinámica preoperatoria, frente al 60,7 % del EVAR (p = 0,72). Se empleó anestesia local en el 50 % del grupo EVAR. Las necesidades transfusionales intraoperatorias medianas para el grupo CA y EVAR fueron 11 ± 6 y 4 ± 3 concentrados de hematíes respectivamente (p = 0,001). La mortalidad hospitalaria fue mayor en el grupo CA (46,2 % vs. 28,6 %) (p = 0,18). En dicho grupo hubo 4 éxitus intraoperatorios. Un 54,5 % de pacientes del grupo CA y un 64,3 % del EVAR (p = 0,48) presentaron complicaciones mayores, siendo las más frecuentes la intubación prolongada y el fracaso renal que requirió terapia de reemplazo renal. La tasa de reintervención hospitalaria fue 18,2 % en el grupo CA y 25 % en el EVAR (p = 0,56), siendo en este grupo todas las reintervenciones en el subgrupo de endoprótesis aortouniiliaca. La supervivencia a 2 años fue del 51,7 % en el grupo CA y del 65,2 % en el EVAR (p = 0,28). Conclusiones: el tratamiento del AAAr se asocia a una elevada morbimortalidad, y el EVAR puede mejorar los resultados, especialmente si se implanta una endoprótesis bifurcada.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background: the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is associated with high morbimortality. The purpose of this study was to compare results of open surgical repair (OSR) and EVAR in our institution in the management of rAAA. Material and methods: retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on rAAA patients with infrarenal neck between January 2006 and December 2017. Sample was divided according to intervention: OSR vs. EVAR. Comorbidities, anatomical features, intervention and results were analyzed by repair method. Results: fifty-four patients were included, 26 (48,1 %) using OSR and 28 (51,9 %) using EVAR. Age (70,7 ± 7,8 years vs. 72,5 ± 9,5; p = 0,45) and comorbidities showed no statistical significance, except for dyslipidemia (26,9 % vs. 67,9 %; p = 0,003). Aneurysms were larger in OSR group (88,1 ± 17,9 mm vs. 72,4 ± 16 mm; p = 0,02), with a higher rate of associated iliac aneurysm (34,6 % vs. 17,8 %, p = 0,07). 65,4 % of patients in OSR group showed preoperative hemodynamic instability, compared to 60,7 % in EVAR group (p = 0,72). 50 % of EVAR procedures were performed under local anesthesia. Median intraoperative transfusion requirements for OSR group and EVAR group were, respectively, 11 ± 6 and 4 ± 3 red blood cell concentrates (p = 0.001). Hospital mortality was higher in OSR group (46.2 % vs. 28.6 %) (p = 0.18). There were four intraoperative deaths in this group. 54.5 % of OSR patients and 64.3 % of EVAR presented major complications. The most common ones were longtime intubation and acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy. Reintervention rate was 18.2 % in CA group and 25 % in EVAR group (p = 0.56), all reinterventions in EVAR group performed in rAAAs repaired by an aortouniiliac device. Two-year survival rate was 51.7 % in CA group and 65.2 % in EVAR group (p = 0.28). Conclusions: the treatment of rAAA still associates with high morbimortality rates. However, EVAR could improve these outcomes, especially if a bifurcated stent-graft is implanted.

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          Editor's Choice - Endovascular aneurysm repair versus open repair for patients with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term survival.

          There is clinical equipoise between open (OR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for the best treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA).
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            Endovascular vs open repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

            Endovascular repair (EVAR) of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) has become first-line therapy at our institution and is performed under a standardized protocol. We compare perioperative mortality, midterm survival, and morbidity after EVAR and open surgical repair (OSR). Records were retrospectively reviewed from May 2000 to September 2010 for repair of infrarenal rAAAs. Primary end points included perioperative mortality and midterm survival. Secondary end points included acute limb ischemia, length of stay, ventilator-dependent respiratory failure, myocardial infarction, renal failure, abdominal compartment syndrome, and secondary intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test, χ(2) test, the Fisher exact test, and logistic regression calculations. Midterm survival was assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Seventy-four infrarenal rAAAs were repaired, 19 by EVAR and 55 by OSR. Despite increased age and comorbidity in the EVAR patients, perioperative mortality was 15.7% for EVAR, which was significantly lower than the 49% for OSR (odds ratio, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05-0.74; P = .008). Midterm survival also favored EVAR (hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.21-0.77; P = .028, adjusted for age and sex). Mean follow-up was 20 months, and 1-year survival was 60% for EVAR vs 45% for OSR. Mean length of stay for patients surviving >1 day was 10 days for EVAR and 21 days for OSR (P = .004). Ventilator-dependent respiratory failure was 5% in the EVAR group vs 42% for OSR (odds ratio, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01-0.62; P = .001). EVAR of rAAA has a superior perioperative survival advantage and decreased morbidity vs OSR. Although not statistically significant, overall survival favors EVAR. We recommend that EVAR be considered as the first-line treatment of rAAAs and practiced as the standard of care. Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Endovascular repair with bifurcated stent-grafts under local anaesthesia to improve outcome of ruptured aortoiliac aneurysms.

              acute haemodynamic changes and/or loss of abdominal muscle tone can occur during induction of general anaesthesia and may be the Achilles' tendon in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of ruptured aortoiliac aneurysms (rAIA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of local anaesthesia (LA) for EVAR to overcome these limitations.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                angiologia
                Angiología
                Angiología
                Arán Ediciones S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0003-3170
                1695-2987
                August 2021
                : 73
                : 4
                : 173-181
                Affiliations
                [2] Las Palmas de Gran Canaria orgnameHospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín orgdiv1Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular orgdiv2Servicio de Angiología Spain
                [1] Madrid orgnameHospital Clínico San Carlos orgdiv1Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular orgdiv2Servicio de Angiología Spain
                Article
                S0003-31702021000400002 S0003-3170(21)07300400002
                10.20960/angiologia.00256
                be464d17-f0cc-41b1-a17e-2f2830e8268e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 December 2020
                : 28 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original

                Abdominal aortic aneurysm,Ruptured aneurysm,EVAR,Open surgical repair,Mortality,Aneurisma de aorta abdominal,Aneurisma roto,Cirugía abierta,Mortalidad

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