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      Comportamento alimentar de adolescentes em relação ao consumo de frutas e verduras Translated title: Adolescent eating behavior regarding fruit and vegetable intakes

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou o comportamento alimentar pelo Modelo Transteorético e o estado nutricional de adolescentes de escolas de ensino técnico de São Paulo, quanto a seu consumo habitual de frutas e verduras. MÉTODOS: Investigaram-se o consumo alimentar habitual e a classificação nos estágios de mudança de comportamento, utilizando-se um questionário. Foram aferidos peso e altura para avaliação do estado nutricional pelo Índice de Massa Corporal. Para análise estatística, adotaram-se os testes "t" Student, Qui-Quadrado, Mann-Whitney e HSD-Tukey, com grau de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Observou-se baixa prevalência de desvios nutricionais entre os 234 participantes: 3,8% foram classificados como baixo peso e 12,4% apresentavam excesso de peso. Apenas 12,4% e 10,3% consumiam frutas e verduras, respectivamente, conforme o recomendado pela Pirâmide Alimentar. Cerca de um terço da amostra foi classificada tanto em pré-contemplação como em manutenção. Observou-se uma discrepância entre o consumo referido e a percepção alimentar, tendo em vista que 79,7% e 83,7% dos adolescentes acreditavam, erroneamente, que seu consumo de frutas e verduras, respectivamente, era saudável. CONCLUSÃO: O alto percentual de adolescentes em pré-contemplação evidencia a importância do desenvolvimento de estratégias específicas contra a maior resistência desses a modificações dietéticas. A percepção errônea quanto às características de uma dieta saudável e o baixo consumo de frutas e verduras classificam os adolescentes como grupo de risco, exigindo atenção especial para a promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e garantia de qualidade de vida.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eating behavior using the Transtheoretical Model and the nutritional status of adolescents from technical schools of São Paulo regarding their usual fruit and vegetable intakes. METHODS: A questionnaire was used to collect data on the usual fruit and vegetable intakes and to classify the stages of change. Weight and height were measured to assess nutrional status using the body mass index. The statistical analysis comprised the Student's T-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and the HSD-Tukey test, all calculated using a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Low prevalence of nutritional disorders was observed among the 234 participants: 3.8% were classified as low weight and 12.4% were overweight. Only 12.4% and 10.3% had usual fruit and vegetable intakes, respectively, as recommended by the Food Guide Pyramid. Approximately one third of the sample was in the precontemplation and maintenance stages. A discrepancy was seen between self-rated food consumption and dietary perception, taking into account that 79.7% and 83.7% of the adolescents had a misperception about their fruit and vegetable intakes, respectively, considering them healthy. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of adolescents in the precontemplation stage shows the importance of developing specific strategies against their resistance to dietary changes. Their misperception related to the characteristics of a healthy diet and the low fruit and vegetable intakes classify adolescents as a risk group that needs special attention in order to promote healthy dietary habits and to guarantee quality of life.

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          Most cited references54

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          Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Antropometry

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              Methods for the assessment of human body composition: traditional and new.

              Renewed interest in the assessment of human body composition has stimulated the need for a balanced understanding of available methodologies of estimating fat-free mass and percent body fat. This review summarizes the physical bases and assumptions, describes applications, and discusses the theoretical and practical limitations of currently available indirect methods. Although standard methods are discussed, recent modifications and adaptations are emphasized.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-9865
                June 2006
                : 19
                : 3
                : 331-340
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732006000300004
                10.1590/S1415-52732006000300004
                bf0c7289-10a5-43ff-b0c8-c4a9572cfb87

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5273&lng=en
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                estado nutricional,adolescent,adolescent behavior,adolescente,comportamento do adolescente,consumo de alimentos,food consumption,nutritional status

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