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      An effect of target orientation on representational momentum Translated title: Orientação e alocação de um objeto-alvo

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          Abstract

          The effects of the target orientation on displacement in memory for the location of a moving rectangular or square target were measured. The orientation of a target relative to its path of motion was varied; the effects of target orientation on forward displacement were observed for the rectangular target and not for the square target. The data were consistent with the hypotheses that the effects of target orientation (a) can be observed in targets that do not have a clearly defined direction of pointing or prototypical orientation relative to their direction of motion, and (b) can influence the forward displacement when the spatial coordinates of the contours of the target are not invariant across changes in target orientation relative to the direction of motion.

          Translated abstract

          Neste estudo foram medidos os efeitos provenientes da orientação-alvo na alocação em memória de um alvo quadrado ou retangular em movimento. A orientação dos alvos em relação ao seu percurso era variada; os efeitos de orientação-alvo em uma alocação futura foram observados para o alvo retangular, mas não o foram para o alvo quadrado; Os resultados mostraram-se consistentes com a hipótese de que os efeitos da orientação-alvo (a) podem ser observados em alvos que não têm uma trajetória claramente definida ou uma orientação prototípica em relação à direção do seu movimento, e (b) podem influenciar a alocação futura quando as coordenadas espaciais dos contornos do alvo não são constantes ao longo de mudanças na orientação do alvo em relação à direção do movimento.

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          Most cited references30

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          Representational momentum and related displacements in spatial memory: A review of the findings.

          T Hubbard (2005)
          Memory for the final location of a moving target is often displaced in the direction of target motion, and this has been referred to as representational momentum. Characteristics of the target (e.g., velocity, size, direction, and identity), display (e.g., target format, retention interval, and response method), context (landmarks, expectations, and attribution of motion source), and observer (e.g., allocation of attention, eye movements, and psychopathology) that influence the direction and magnitude of displacement are reviewed. Specific conclusions regarding numerous variables that influence displacement (e.g., presence of landmarks or surrounding context), as well as broad-based conclusions regarding displacement in general (e.g., displacement does not reflect objective physical principles, may reflect aspects of naive physics, does not solely reflect eye movements, may involve some modular processing, and reflects high-level processes) are drawn. A possible computational theory of displacement is suggested in which displacement (1) helps bridge the gap between perception and action and (2) plays a critical part in localizing stimuli in the environment.
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            Judged displacement in apparent vertical and horizontal motion.

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              Environmental invariants in the representation of motion: Implied dynamics and representational momentum, gravity, friction, and centripetal force.

              T Hubbard (1995)
              Memory for the final position of a moving target is often shifted or displaced from the true final position of that target. Early studies of this memory shift focused on parallels between the momentum of the target and the momentum of the representation of the target and called this displacementrepresentational momentum, but many factors other than momentum contribute to the memory shift. A consideration of the empirical literature on representational momentum and related types of displacement suggests there are at least four different types of factors influencing the direction and magnitude of such memory shifts: stimulus characteristics (e.g., target direction, target velocity), implied dynamics and environmental invariants (e.g., implied momentum, gravity, friction, centripetal force), memory averaging of target and nontarget context (e.g., biases toward previous target locations or nontarget context), and observers' expectations (both tacit and conscious) regarding future target motion and target/context interactions. Several theories purporting to account for representational momentum and related types of displacement are also considered.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                paideia
                Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)
                Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)
                Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (Ribeirão Preto )
                0103-863X
                August 2005
                : 15
                : 31
                : 207-216
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Texas Christian University
                Article
                S0103-863X2005000200008
                10.1590/S0103-863X2005000200008
                bf248c29-8af5-43a1-a09e-7a5e622d7bde

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History

                Orientation,retangular target,square target,allocation,Orientação,objeto-alvo retangular,objeto-alvo quadrado,alocação

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