Quan-Hui Liu:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Ana I. Bento:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-007X
Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
Kexin Yang:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-6801
Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysis
Hang Zhang: Role: Data curation
Xiaohan Yang:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-1743
Role: Data curation
Stefano Merler:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-0611
Role: Investigation
Alessandro Vespignani: Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
Jiancheng Lv: Role: Investigation
Hongjie Yu:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-5648
Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
Wei Zhang: Role: Data curationRole: Writing – review & editing
Tao Zhou:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-2316
Role: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
Marco Ajelli:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-4749
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole:
MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – original draft
Alex Perkins: Role: Editor
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS Comput Biol
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS Comput Biol
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Journal ID (pmc): ploscomp
Title:
PLoS Computational Biology
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Print):
1553-734X
ISSN
(Electronic):
1553-7358
Publication date
(Electronic):
28
December
2020
Publication date Collection:
December
2020
Volume: 16
Issue: 12
Electronic Location Identifier: e1008467
Affiliations
[1
]
College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
[2
]
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University
Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
[3
]
Department of Engineering and Computer Science, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai,
China
[4
]
Institution of New Economic Development, Chengdu, China
[5
]
Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
[6
]
Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts United States of America
[7
]
ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
[8
]
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,
Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
[9
]
West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
China
[10
]
Big Data Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,
Chengdu, China
[11
]
Tianfu Complexity Science Research Center, Chengdu, China
University of Notre Dame, UNITED STATES
Author notes
H.Y. has received research funding from Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, Yichang HEC
Changjiang Pharmaceutical Company, and Shanghai Roche Pharmaceutical Company. A.V.
reports grants from Metabiota inc., outside the submitted work. M.A. has received
research funding from Seqirus. None of those research funding is related to COVID-19.
All other authors report no competing interests.
‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PCOMPBIOL-D-20-01325
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008467
PMC ID: 7794025
PubMed ID: 33370263
SO-VID: bf6e00e2-4959-42dc-9033-0df5e11dc559
Copyright © © 2020 Liu et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
Award ID: 62003230
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Quanhui Liu
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010822, Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau;
Award ID: 2020-YF05-00073-SN
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Quanhui Liu
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100012226, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;
Award ID: 1082204112289
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Quanhui Liu
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004829, Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province;
Award ID: 2020YFS0009
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Quanhui Liu
Funded by: Special Funds for Prevention and Control of COVID-19 of Sichuan University
Award ID: 0082604151026
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-6854
Quanhui Liu
Funded by: National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars
Award ID: 81525023
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-5648
Hongjie Yu
Funded by: National Science and Technology Major Project of China (
Award ID: 2018ZX10713001-007,2017ZX10103009-005,2018ZX10201001-010
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-5648
Hongjie Yu
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004829, Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province;
Award ID: 2020YFS0007
Award Recipient
:
Wei Zhang
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
Award ID: 11975071, 61673085
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-2316
Tao Zhou
Q.-H.L. has received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(
http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/, No. 62003230), Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau (
http://cdst.chengdu.gov.cn/, No. 2020-YF05-00073-SN), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
(
http://www.moe.gov.cn/, No. 1082204112289), the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (
http://kjt.sc.gov.cn/, No. 2020YFS0009), the Special Funds for Prevention and Control of COVID-19 of Sichuan
University (
http://www.scu.edu.cn/, No. 0082604151026). H.Y. has received funding from the National Science Fund for
Distinguished Young Scholars (
http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/, No. 81525023) and National Science and Technology Major Project of China (
http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/, No. 2018ZX10713001-007, No. 2017ZX10103009-005, No.2018ZX10201001-010). W.Z. has
received funding from the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (
http://kjt.sc.gov.cn/, No. 2020YFS0007). T.Z. has received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (
http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/No.11975071, No. 61673085). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Viral Diseases
Subject:
Covid 19
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Public and Occupational Health
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Critical Care and Emergency Medicine
Subject:
People and Places
Subject:
Geographical Locations
Subject:
Asia
Subject:
China
Subject:
Biology and life sciences
Subject:
Organisms
Subject:
Viruses
Subject:
RNA viruses
Subject:
Coronaviruses
Subject:
SARS coronavirus
Subject:
SARS CoV 2
Subject:
Biology and life sciences
Subject:
Microbiology
Subject:
Medical microbiology
Subject:
Microbial pathogens
Subject:
Viral pathogens
Subject:
Coronaviruses
Subject:
SARS coronavirus
Subject:
SARS CoV 2
Subject:
Medicine and health sciences
Subject:
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Subject:
Pathogens
Subject:
Microbial pathogens
Subject:
Viral pathogens
Subject:
Coronaviruses
Subject:
SARS coronavirus
Subject:
SARS CoV 2
Subject:
Biology and life sciences
Subject:
Organisms
Subject:
Viruses
Subject:
Viral pathogens
Subject:
Coronaviruses
Subject:
SARS coronavirus
Subject:
SARS CoV 2
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Epidemiology
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Respiratory Infections
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Respiratory Disorders
Subject:
Respiratory Infections
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Pulmonology
Subject:
Respiratory Disorders
Subject:
Respiratory Infections
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Health Care
Subject:
Health Care Facilities
Subject:
Hospitals
