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      Maxillary dentoalveolar assessment following retraction of maxillary incisors: a preliminary study

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          ABSTRACT

          Objective:

          The aim of this preliminary study was to assess changes in tooth length and alveolar thickness following retraction of maxillary incisors.

          Methods:

          A total of 11 patients presenting severe maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion revealed by initial (T 1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and whose treatment plan included extraction of maxillary first premolars and retraction of maxillary incisors, were selected and submitted to CBCT examination one month after the end of incisors retraction (T 2). The premaxilla was assessed through seven axial slices by means of Dolphin Imaging TM software. In each of these slices, five measurements of the distance from the buccal cortical bone to the palatal cortical bone were performed. Tooth length of maxillary incisors (n = 44) was also measured in sagittal slices. Measurements were repeated after a two-week interval, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test examiner calibration. Wilcoxon test was used to detect differences in measurements performed at the two time intervals.

          Results:

          The ICC was satisfactory for tooth length (0.890) and for premaxilla alveolar thickness measurements (0.980). Analysis of data showed no statistically significant differences ( p > 0.05) in tooth length or alveolar thickness between the two-time intervals assessed.

          Conclusion:

          The force used in retraction of maxillary incisors in this research did not promote significant changes in tooth length of maxillary incisors or in premaxilla alveolar thickness.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          o objetivo deste estudo preliminar foi avaliar as alterações no comprimento dentário e na espessura alveolar durante a retração dos incisivos superiores.

          Métodos:

          um total de 11 pacientes apresentando protrusão dentoalveolar severa, de acordo com a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) inicial (T 1), e que continham no seu plano de tratamento extração dos pré-molares superiores e retração dos incisivos superiores, foram selecionados e submetidos a exames de TCFC um mês após o término da retração dos incisivos (T 2). Com o auxílio do software Dolphin Imaging (r), a prémaxila foi dividida em sete cortes axiais. Em cada corte axial, foram realizadas cinco medições da distância da cortical vestibular a lingual. O comprimento dos incisivos superiores (n = 44) foi medido no corte sagital. As medições foram refeitas após o intervalo de duas semanas e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) foi utilizado para avaliar a calibração do examinador. Utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon para detectar diferenças nas medições realizadas nos dois intervalos de tempo.

          Resultados:

          o ICC mostrou-se satisfatório tanto para o comprimento dentário (0,890) quanto para a espessura alveolar da pré-maxila (0,980). Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas para comprimento dentário e para as espessuras alveolares ( p < 0,05) nos períodos avaliados.

          Conclusões:

          as forças atuantes na retração dos incisivos, nessa pesquisa, não provocaram alterações significativas no comprimento dentário dos incisivos superiores, nem mudanças na espessura alveolar da pré-maxila.

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          Most cited references47

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          Accuracy and reliability of buccal bone height and thickness measurements from cone-beam computed tomography imaging.

          Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging has broadened opportunities for examining morphologic aspects of the craniofacial complex, including alveolar bone, but limitations of the technology have yet to be defined. Through the use of comparisons with direct measurements, the purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and reliability of buccal alveolar bone height and thickness measurements derived from CBCT images. Twelve embalmed cadaver heads (5 female, 7 male; mean age: 77 years) were scanned with an i-CAT 17-19 unit (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa) at 0.3 mm voxel size. Buccal alveolar bone height and thickness measurements of 65 teeth were made in standardized radiographic slices and compared with direct measurements made by dissection. All measurements were repeated 3 times by 2 independent raters and examined for intrarater and interrater reliability. Measurement means were compared with 2-tailed t tests. Agreement between direct and CBCT measurements was assessed by concordance correlation coefficients, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman plots. Intrarater reliability was high as were interrater correlations for all measurements (≥0.97) except CBCT buccal bone thickness (0.90). CBCT measurements did not differ significantly from direct measurements, and there was no pattern of underestimation or overestimation. The mean absolute differences were 0.30 mm in buccal bone height and 0.13 mm in buccal bone thickness with 95% limits of agreement of -0.77 to 0.81 mm, and -0.32 to 0.38 mm, respectively. Agreement between the 2 methods was higher for the measurements of buccal bone height than buccal bone thickness, as demonstrated by concordance correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.86, respectively. For the protocol used in this study, CBCT can be used to quantitatively assess buccal bone height and buccal bone thickness with high precision and accuracy. Comparing the 2 sets of CBCT measurements, buccal bone height had greater reliability and agreement with direct measurements than did the buccal bone thickness measurements. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Reliability and accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography dental measurements.

            Dental measurements are an integral part of the orthodontic records necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. In this study, we investigated the reliability and accuracy of dental measurements made on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstructions. Thirty human skulls were scanned with dental CBCT, and 3-dimensional reconstructions of the dentitions were generated. Ten measurements (overbite, overjet, maxillary and mandibular intermolar and intercanine widths, arch length available, and arch length required) were made directly on the dentitions of the skulls with a high-precision digital caliper and on the digital reconstructions with commercially available software. Reliability and accuracy were assessed by using intraclass correlation and paired Student t tests. A P value of 0.90). The CBCT measurements tended to slightly underestimate the anatomic truth. This was statistically significant only for compounded measurements. Dental measurements from CBCT volumes can be used for quantitative analysis. With the CBCT images, we found a small systematic error, which became statistically significant only when combining several measurements. An adjustment for this error allows for improved accuracy.
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              Accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography at different resolutions assessed on the bony covering of the mandibular anterior teeth.

              The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with different voxel resolutions. Measurements were made of the bony covering of the mandibular anterior teeth because this region is crucial in orthodontic treatment planning.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Dental Press J Orthod
                Dental Press J Orthod
                dpjo
                Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics
                Dental Press International
                2176-9451
                2177-6709
                Sep-Oct 2016
                Sep-Oct 2016
                : 21
                : 5
                : 82-89
                Affiliations
                [1 ]MSc student, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
                [2 ]PhD resident, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
                [3 ]Professor, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Department of Dental Clinics, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
                [4 ]Associate Professor and Chairman, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
                Author notes
                Contact address: Eduardo Franzotti Sant'Anna Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325 Ilha do Fundão - Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil - E-mail: eduardo.franzotti@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                10.1590/2177-6709.21.5.082-089.oar
                5125175
                bf9ca868-7d0b-498e-96df-5b8e1d07addd

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 05 January 2016
                : 29 March 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 8
                Categories
                Articles

                alveolar bone loss,root resorption,tooth movement,cone-beam computed tomography

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