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      CRECIMIENTO DE HABA EN SIMBIOSIS CON MICROORGANISMOS NATIVOS DE REGIONES PRODUCTORAS DEL NORTE DE PUEBLA, MÉXICO Translated title: GROWTH OF BROAD BEAN IN SYMBIOSIS WITH MICROORGANISMS NATIVE TO PRODUCTION REGIONS OF NORTHERN PUEBLA, MEXICO

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          Abstract

          Resumen Vicia faba L. es una leguminosa que se produce principalmente en zonas frías, pero requiere fertilizantes y plaguicidas sintéticos para mantener la producción. Esta leguminosa se cultiva en la región nororiental de Puebla, México, donde es viable utilizar microorganismos simbiontes nativos como biofertilizantes para disminuir el uso de agroquímicos. El objetivo del estudio fue aislar y describir bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno (BFN) y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) a partir de cultivos de haba en los municipios de Libres, Zaragoza y Xochitlán de Vicente Suárez, Puebla, México para formular y evaluar biofertilizantes bajo cultivo protegido de haba; asimismo, se estudió el efecto del origen y de la inoculación individual o simultánea de BFN y HMA. Se realizaron tres ensayos BFN, HMA y BFN-HMA bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, cada uno con cuatro tratamientos (tres por el origen de la cepa y el testigo). Después de la floración se evaluó la biomasa seca y fresca, concentración de nitrógeno en hojas, colonización micorrízica y nodulación en las raíces de las plantas. Los microorganismos fueron similares entre las tres localidades; no obstante, el origen de las bacterias modificó su respuesta in vitro de acuerdo con el pH, temperatura y salinidad. El crecimiento de las plantas y la concentración de nitrógeno en las hojas no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos con BFN o HMA, pero los valores se incrementaron 10 % en ambas variables con BFN-HMA vs. testigo. No hubo diferencia significativa en la respuesta de las plantas en función del origen de BFN y HMA. Existe potencial para elaborar biofertilizantes que permitan disminuir el uso de agroquímicos en el cultivo de haba.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Vicia faba L. is a legume produced mainly in cold areas, but it requires fertilizers and synthetic pesticides to maintain production. This legume is grown in the Northeastern region of Puebla, Mexico, where it is feasible to use native symbiont microorganisms as biofertilizers to reduce the use of agrochemicals. The objective of this study was to isolate and describe nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from broad bean crops in the municipalities of Libres, Zaragoza and Xochitlán de Vicente Suárez, Puebla, Mexico to formulate and evaluate biofertilizers under protected cultivation of broad bean; likewise, the effect of the origin and that of the individual or simultaneous inoculation of NFB and AMF was studied. Three trials were conducted NFB, AMF and NFB-AMF under a completely randomized experimental design, each with four treatments (three for the origin of the strain and the control). After flowering, dry and fresh biomass, nitrogen concentration in leaves, mycorrhizal colonization and nodulation in plant roots were evaluated. The microorganisms were similar among the three localities; however, the origin of the bacteria modified their response in vitro according to pH, temperature and salinity. The growth of plants and concentration of nitrogen in the leaves showed no significant differences among treatments with NFB or AMF, but the values increased by 10 % in both variables with NFB-AMF vs. control. There was no significant difference in the response of the plants in relation to the origin of NFB and AMF. There is potential to produce biofertilizers that allow reducing the use of agrochemicals in broad bean cultivation

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          Most cited references38

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          Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection

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            Neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Stickstoffs in organischen Körpern

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              Agroecology: the key role of arbuscular mycorrhizas in ecosystem services.

              The beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on plant performance and soil health are essential for the sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems. Nevertheless, since the 'first green revolution', less attention has been given to beneficial soil microorganisms in general and to AM fungi in particular. Human society benefits from a multitude of resources and processes from natural and managed ecosystems, to which AM make a crucial contribution. These resources and processes, which are called ecosystem services, include products like food and processes like nutrient transfer. Many people have been under the illusion that these ecosystem services are free, invulnerable and infinitely available; taken for granted as public benefits, they lack a formal market and are traditionally absent from society's balance sheet. In 1997, a team of researchers from the USA, Argentina and the Netherlands put an average price tag of US $33 trillion a year on these fundamental ecosystem services. The present review highlights the key role that the AM symbiosis can play as an ecosystem service provider to guarantee plant productivity and quality in emerging systems of sustainable agriculture. The appropriate management of ecosystem services rendered by AM will impact on natural resource conservation and utilisation with an obvious net gain for human society.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfm
                Revista fitotecnia mexicana
                Rev. fitotec. mex
                Sociedad Mexicana de Fitogenética A.C. (Chapingo, Estado de México, Mexico )
                0187-7380
                September 2019
                : 42
                : 3
                : 243-250
                Affiliations
                [5] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                [6] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                [2] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                [4] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                [3] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                [1] Zacapoaxtla Puebla orgnameInstituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla Mexico
                Article
                S0187-73802019000300243 S0187-7380(19)04200300243
                bfb5b212-1189-439f-85f2-a364907a55fe

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 July 2018
                : 04 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos científicos

                biofertilizer,biofertilizante,hongos micorrízicos arbusculares,bacterias fijadoras,Vicia faba,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,fixing bacteria

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