Eastern Mediterranean tectonics and tsunami hazard inferred from the AD 365 earthquake

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Radiocarbon Calibration and Analysis of Stratigraphy: The OxCal Program

Christopher Bronk Ramsey (1995)

People usually study the chronologies of archaeological sites and geological sequences using many different kinds of evidence, taking into account calibrated radiocarbon dates, other dating methods and stratigraphic information. Many individual case studies demonstrate the value of using statistical methods to combine these different types of information. I have developed a computer program, OxCal, running under Windows 3.1 (for IBM PCs), that will perform both 14C calibration and calculate what extra information can be gained from stratigraphic evidence. The program can perform automatic wiggle matches and calculate probability distributions for samples in sequences and phases. The program is written in C++ and uses Bayesian statistics and Gibbs sampling for the calculations. The program is very easy to use, both for simple calibration and complex site analysis, and will produce graphical output from virtually any printer.

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Towards High-Precision AMS: Progress and Limitations

Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Philip Leach, Thomas F.G. Higham (2004)

Precision and accuracy in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating relies on the systematic reduction of errors at all stages of the dating process, from sampling to AMS measurement. With new AMS systems providing much better precision and accuracy for the final stage of the process, we need to review the process as a whole to test the accuracy of reported results. A new High Voltage Engineering Europa (HVEE) AMS system was accepted at Oxford in September 2002. Since then, the system has been in routine use for AMS dating and here we report on our experiences during the first year. The AMS system itself is known to be capable of making measurements on single targets to a precision of better than 0.2% for the14C/13C ratio and better than 0.1% for the13C/12C ratio. In routine operation, we measure known-age wood to a precision of just above 0.3%, including uncertainties in background and pretreatment. At these levels, the scatter in results is no higher than reported errors, suggesting that uncertainties of ±25 to ±3014C yr can be reliably reported on single target measurements. This provides a test of all parts of the process for a particular material in a particular state of preservation. More generally, sample pretreatment should remove as much contamination as feasible from the sample while adding as little laboratory contamination as possible. For more complex materials, such as bone, there is clearly more work needed to prove good reproducibility and insignificant offsets in all circumstances. Strategies for testing accuracy and precision on unknown material are discussed here, as well as the possibilities of one day reaching precisions equivalent to errors of <±2014C yr.

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Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Corrections for the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas

F McCormac, P J Reimer (2002)

Radiocarbon measurements of nine known age shells from the Mediterranean and the Aegean Seas combined with previous measurements provide an updated value for δR, the local variation in the reservoir correction for marine samples. Comparison of pre-1950s samples from the Algerian coast, with one collected in 1954, indicates early incorporation of nuclear weapons testing14C into the shallow surface waters of the Mediterranean. Comparisons between different basins indicate the surface waters of the Mediterranean are relatively homogenous. The recommended δR for calibration of the Mediterranean marine samples with the 1998 marine calibration dataset is 58 ± 8514C yr, but variations in the reservoir age beyond 6000 cal BP should be considered.

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Journal

Title: Nature Geoscience

Abbreviated Title: Nature Geosci

Publisher: Springer Nature

ISSN (Print): 1752-0894

ISSN (Electronic): 1752-0908

Publication date Created: March 9 2008

Publication date (Print): March 9 2008

Volume: 1

Issue: 4

Pages: 268-276

Article

DOI: 10.1038/ngeo151

SO-VID: c00c0a61-05bc-42ce-aa28-7287a35bcf21

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Eastern Mediterranean tectonics and tsunami hazard inferred from the AD 365 earthquake

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Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia

Most cited references 4

Radiocarbon Calibration and Analysis of Stratigraphy: The OxCal Program

Towards High-Precision AMS: Progress and Limitations

Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Corrections for the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas

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