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      Metanálisis sobre la mortalidad hospitalaria del reemplazo valvular aórtico en pacientes con riesgo bajo e intermedio en Argentina Translated title: Single-arm Meta-analysis of Argentine Studies Reporting In-hospital Mortality After Aortic Valve Replacement in Low and Intermediate Risk Patients

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Actualmente, la cirugía de reemplazo valvular es la primera opción para el tratamiento de la enfermedad aórtica sintomática excepto en pacientes añosos de alto riesgo, en los cuales el implante valvular aórtico transcatéter (TAVI) sería una mejor alternativa. Objetivos: Considerando que se ha propuesto extender el uso de TAVI a otros grupos de bajo riesgo, el propósito de este estudio fue realizar un metanálisis de estudios de grupo único sobre mortalidad hospitalaria luego de la cirugía de reemplazo valvular aórtico en pacientes de riesgo bajo y moderado en Argentina, como punto de referencia para comparar con los resultados locales de TAVI. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando estudios observacionales identificados en MEDLINE, Embase, SCOPUS, y la biblioteca Cochrane hasta marzo de 2019. Resultados: De 80 estudios identificados a través de la búsqueda, 4 estudios observacionales consideraron mortalidad hospitalaria y complicaciones post-quirúrgicas luego del reemplazo valvular aórtico, divididos en pacientes de riesgo moderado y/o bajo de acuerdo al puntaje STS o EuroSCORE II. En 1.192 pacientes, la mortalidad fue de 3.1%. Las estimaciones ponderadas del conjunto de estudios fueron: accidente cerebrovascular postquirúrgico 1.3%, infarto de miocardio 0.4%, necesidad de marcapasos definitivo 2.7%, mediastinitis 1.4% y reoperación por sangrado 2.6%. Conclusiones: La eficacia de TAVI en pacientes de alto riesgo está produciendo la expansión de esta indicación a casos de menor riesgo, aunque dicho avance debería estar apoyado por evidencia significativa de su beneficio sobre la cirugía de reemplazo valvular. Este metanálisis de estudios de grupo único argentinos presenta la mortalidad hospitalaria y las complicaciones post-quirúrgicas luego del reemplazo valvular aórtico en pacientes de riesgo bajo e intermedio. La información actualizada de resultados de cirugía locales podría servir como punto de referencia para compararla con el desempeño de TAVI en nuestro medio.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: Current evidence favors surgical valve replacement to treat symptomatic aortic disease, except in elderly patients at increased risk for surgery, in whom transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) may be eligible. Objectives: Considering that the use of TAVI has been proposed to be extended to other groups at lower risk, the purpose of this study was to perform a single-arm meta-analysis of local studies reporting in-hospital mortality after surgical aortic valve replacement in low and intermediate risk patients in Argentina, as a benchmark for comparing with local TAVI outcomes. Methods: A systematic review search strategy was performed using controlled trials and observational studies identified in MEDLINE, Embase, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane library to March 2019. Results: Among 80 studies identified through the search, 4 observational articles reported in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications after aortic valve replacement, divided into intermediate and/or low risk patients according to the STS score or the EuroSCORE II. In 1,192 patients, in-hospital mortality was 3.1%. Weighted pooled estimates were: postoperative stroke1.3%, myocardial infarction 0.4%, need for definite pacemaker 2.7%, mediastinitis 1.4%, and reoperation for bleeding 2.6%. Conclusions: The proven efficacy of TAVI in high-risk patients is leading to the expansion of its indications toward lower-risk cases; but this shift should be supported by meaningful evidence of its benefit over surgical valve replacement. This single-arm meta-analysis of Argentine studies presents in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications after aortic valve replacement in low and intermediate risk patients. The updated information on local results of surgery could serve as a benchmark for comparing with TAVI performance in our setting.

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          Most cited references32

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          Subclinical leaflet thrombosis in surgical and transcatheter bioprosthetic aortic valves: an observational study.

          Subclinical leaflet thrombosis of bioprosthetic aortic valves after transcatheter valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has been found with CT imaging. The objective of this study was to report the prevalence of subclinical leaflet thrombosis in surgical and transcatheter aortic valves and the effect of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) on the subclinical leaflet thrombosis and subsequent valve haemodynamics and clinical outcomes on the basis of two registries of patients who had CT imaging done after TAVR or SAVR.
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            Possible Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis in Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves

            A finding of reduced aortic-valve leaflet motion was noted on computed tomography (CT) in a patient who had a stroke after transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) during an ongoing clinical trial. This finding raised a concern about possible subclinical leaflet thrombosis and prompted further investigation.
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              2008 focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 1998 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease). Endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rac
                Revista argentina de cardiología
                Rev. argent. cardiol.
                Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1850-3748
                July 2019
                : 87
                : 4
                : 280-289
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameInstituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Servicios de Cirugía Cardiovascular
                [5] orgnameHospital Alemán de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Servicio de Cardiología
                [3] orgnameHospital Italiano de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Servicios de Cirugía Cardiovascular
                [1] orgnameHospital Alemán de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Servicios de Cirugía Cardiovascular
                [4] orgnameHospital Británico de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Servicios de Cirugía Cardiovascular
                Article
                S1850-37482019000400280 S1850-3748(19)08700400280
                10.7775/rac.es.v87.i4.15693
                c1e6e2e9-6087-4dd6-8bac-894dad670c3e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 April 2019
                : 24 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Artículo original

                Meta-analysis,Riesgo quirúrgico,Implantación transcutánea de la válvula aórtica,Reemplazo valvular aórtico,Metanálisis,Argentina,Operative risk,Aortic valve replacement,Transcatheter aortic valve implantation

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