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      Type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACTThe present catalogue lists the bee types (Hymenoptera, Apidaes.l.) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZSP). The Hymenoptera collection of the MZSP is one of the most important collections for the Brazilian and Neotropical faunas, holding relatively large number of types and represented taxa. The Apidae collection includes a total of 473 type-specimens (101 holotypes, 30 lectotypes, 190 paratypes, 34 paralectotypes, and 119 syntypes) that represent 257 species currently classified in 88 genera, 22 tribes, and five subfamilies (Andreninae, Apinae, Colletinae, Halictinae, and Megachilinae). Label data and additional information from the MZSP registers, literature sources, and taxonomic remarks are given, including high-resolution photographs of holotypes and lectotypes available through links to Specimage (image database of The Ohio State University).

          Translated abstract

          RESUMOO presente catálogo apresenta uma lista dos espécimes tipo de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidaes.l.) depositados no Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil (MZSP). A coleção de Hymenoptera do MZSP representa uma das mais importantes coleções para a fauna brasileira e Neotropical, incluindo um número relativamente grande de tipos e táxons representados. A coleção de Apidae abriga um total de 473 espécimes-tipo (101 holótipos, 30 lectótipos, 190 parátipos, 34 paralectótipos e 119 síntipos) pertencentes a 257 espécies classificadas em 88 gêneros, 22 tribos e cinco subfamílias (Andreninae, Apinae, Colletinae, Halictinae, e Megachilinae). São apresentadas as informações das etiquetas, informações adicionais a partir dos registros do MZSP e da literatura publicada, e cometários taxônomicos. Fotografias em alta resolução dos holótipos e lectótipos estão disponibilizadas digitalmente através de links para o Specimage (banco de dados de imagens da Ohio State University).

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          The Bees of the World

          A comprehensive, worldwide treatment of all groups of bees - 1200 genera and subgenera, including more than 16,000 species. In extensive introductory sections, Charles D. Michener examines the evolution of bees from wasps, the relations of the families of bees to one another, the evolution of bees in relation to that of flowering plants, the nesting behaviour of solitary and social bees, and the structure of immature and adult bees. Drawing on these considerations as well as the fossil record, he speculates on the attributes of the protobee, the common ancestor of all bees. He also cites the major literature on bee biology and describes the need for further research on the systematics and natural history of bees, including their importance as pollinators of crops and natural vegetation.
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            International Code Of Zoological Nomenclature

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              Higher-level bee classifications (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apidae sensu lato)

              A higher-level classification of bees, in which the entire group is treated as a single family - the Apidae - is advocated here. A total of seven subfamilies, 51 tribes and 27 subtribes are recognized. These subfamilies correspond to the families adopted in the traditional classification. Although the proposed changes do not involve any major rearrangement, basically only changing the rank given to the main groups, the new system makes the classification of bees more consistent with that adopted for other major groups of aculeate Hymenoptera. It also departs from the 19th century practice, perpetuated in the traditional classification, of giving family-status to the main groups of bees. A correspondence table associating the taxon names used in the current traditional classification with those of the revised classification is presented. Scrapterini new tribe (type-genus Scrapter Lepeletier & Serville) is proposed to accommodate the southern African genus Scrapter.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                paz
                Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo)
                Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo)
                Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo )
                1807-0205
                2015
                : 55
                : 24
                : 335-361
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Brazil
                Article
                S0031-10492015002400335
                10.1590/0031-1049.2015.55.24
                c2340ceb-4b3e-4d22-9078-ae012573a1fc

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0031-1049&lng=en
                Categories
                ZOOLOGY

                Animal science & Zoology
                Lista de tipos,MZSP,Apoidea,Catalogue,Taxonomy,Catálogo,Types list,Taxonomia
                Animal science & Zoology
                Lista de tipos, MZSP, Apoidea, Catalogue, Taxonomy, Catálogo, Types list, Taxonomia

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