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      Síndrome congênita do zika e impactos para as famílias: uma revisão integrativa Translated title: Congenital zika syndrome and family impacts: an integrative review

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          Abstract

          Resumo Em 2015, um espectro de anomalias congênitas, incluindo microcefalia, acometeu recém-nascidos como resultado da transmissão vertical pelo vírus zika, posteriormente denominada síndrome congênita do zika (SCZ). Desde então, cerca de 4 mil crianças foram afetadas em 27 países, sendo o Brasil o mais atingido. Cuidadores familiares também têm sido impactados. Esse estudo analisa publicações científicas que investigam as maneiras como a doença afetou as dinâmicas de vida de cuidadores familiares de crianças com SCZ. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura consultando as bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Embase. Após as etapas de triagem, foram identificados 31 artigos. Os principais resultados foram agrupados em quatro categorias: a) impactos sociais que evidenciaram mudanças nas relações familiares, nos projetos de vida e no convívio social; b) impactos subjetivos - sentimentos de resiliência, solidão, luto, sobrecarga, medo, incerteza e relação com a espiritualidade; c) impactos econômicos e materiais - perda de renda, aumento de despesas, mudança de moradia e desemprego e d) impactos na saúde - despreparo dos serviços, renúncia do cuidado de si, modificações dos padrões nutricionais e de sono, repercussão para a saúde mental e níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract In 2015, a range of congenital anomalies resulting from mother-to-child transmission of the zika virus emerged. Later called congenital zika syndrome (CZS), the condition includes microcephaly. Since then, around 4,000 children have been affected in 27 countries, with Brazil accounting for the largest proportion of cases. Family caregivers have also been affected. This study analyzes the literature on caregivers of children with CZS and how the disease has affected their everyday lives. We conducted an integrative review using the PubMed, Virtual Health Library, and Embase databases. Thirty-one articles were identified for analysis after screening. The findings were grouped into four categories: a) social impacts - changes in family relationships, life projects, and social life; b) subjective impacts - feelings of resilience, loneliness, grief, overburdening, fear, uncertainty, and spirituality and religion; c) economic and material impacts - loss of income, increased household expenses, change of residence, and unemployment; and d) health impacts - service unpreparedness, selflessness, self-care, changes in nutritional and sleep patterns, and mental health problems, including stress, anxiety and depression.

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          Most cited references59

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          Zika Virus Associated with Microcephaly.

          A widespread epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was reported in 2015 in South and Central America and the Caribbean. A major concern associated with this infection is the apparent increased incidence of microcephaly in fetuses born to mothers infected with ZIKV. In this report, we describe the case of an expectant mother who had a febrile illness with rash at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy while she was living in Brazil. Ultrasonography performed at 29 weeks of gestation revealed microcephaly with calcifications in the fetal brain and placenta. After the mother requested termination of the pregnancy, a fetal autopsy was performed. Micrencephaly (an abnormally small brain) was observed, with almost complete agyria, hydrocephalus, and multifocal dystrophic calcifications in the cortex and subcortical white matter, with associated cortical displacement and mild focal inflammation. ZIKV was found in the fetal brain tissue on reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay, with consistent findings on electron microscopy. The complete genome of ZIKV was recovered from the fetal brain.
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            Association between microcephaly, Zika virus infection, and other risk factors in Brazil: final report of a case-control study

            A Zika virus epidemic emerged in northeast Brazil in 2015 and was followed by a striking increase in congenital microcephaly cases, triggering a declaration of an international public health emergency. This is the final report of the first case-control study evaluating the potential causes of microcephaly: congenital Zika virus infection, vaccines, and larvicides. The published preliminary report suggested a strong association between microcephaly and congenital Zika virus infection.
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              "We're tired, not sad": benefits and burdens of mothering a child with a disability.

              Sara Green (2007)
              Caregiver burden has received considerable emphasis in the literature on the social experience of mothering children with disabilities. Little attention has been paid, however, to either the nature of the burdens perceived or to maternal ability to see beyond the burdens to the benefits of their caregiving role. This study utilizes a mixed methods approach to examine these neglected aspects of the social experience of mothering children with disabilities. Findings of a survey of 81 mothers of children with disabilities in Florida, USA and follow-up interviews with 7 of these mothers indicate that: 1. For most of the mothers included in the study, "the burden of care" is a matter of socio-structural constraints (Objective Burden) rather than emotional distress (Subjective Burden); 2. Despite the socio-structural constraints associated with caring for a child with complex needs, most mothers perceive valuable benefits in having a child with a disability; and 3. Perceived Stigma has an important positive impact on both dimensions of burden and, through its impact on Subjective Burden, can decrease the perceived benefits of caring for a child with a disability.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-8123
                1678-4561
                May 2023
                : 28
                : 5
                : 1425-1441
                Affiliations
                [2] Recife orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Instituto Aggeu Magalhães Brazil
                [1] Vitória de Santo Antão Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco orgdiv1Centro Acadêmico de Vitória Brazil ana.lmelo@ 123456ufpe.br
                [3] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva Brazil
                Article
                S1413-81232023000501425 S1413-8123(23)02800501425
                10.1590/1413-81232023285.14852022
                c38c5124-7b5f-4c0d-a16f-9a8a1fa92647

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 February 2022
                : 25 October 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 59, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                Revisão

                Congenital zika syndrome,Revisão,Família,Zika vírus,Cuidador familiar,Síndrome congênita de zika,Review,Family,Zika virus,Family caregivers

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