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      Can horror movies induce PTSD-like syndrome? Translated title: Podem filmes de terror induzir uma síndrome TEPT-símile? Translated title: ¿Pueden las películas de terror inducir a un trastorno similar al TEPT? Translated title: Können Horrorfilme ein PTBS-ähnliches Syndrom induzieren? Translated title: Les films d’horreur peuvent-ils induire un syndrome semblable au SSPT?

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          Abstract

          We reported a case of a 10-year-old girl who developed a PTSD-like syndrome after watching a horror movie. After 6 years, the now 16-year-old patient still fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD, except for the trauma itself. We reviewed the scientific literature for case reports of PTSD-like syndrome induced by horror movies and found 13 cases. In only two was the presence of the DSM criteria confirmed. Watching horror movies may thus trigger PTSD-like syndromes in vulnerable viewers

          Translated abstract

          O caso de uma menina de 10 anos de idade que desenvolveu síndrome do tipo transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) após assistir a filme de terror é relatado. Após seis anos, a paciente ainda preenchia os critérios do DSM-IV para TEPT. Em revisão da literatura, identificamos 13 casos de síndrome TEPT-símile induzida por filmes de terror, mas o diagnóstico baseado em critérios DSM foi feito em dois casos apenas. Filmes de terror podem desencadear síndromes TEPT-símile em pessoas vulneráveis.

          Translated abstract

          Cet article décrit le cas d’une jeune fille de 10 ans qui a développé un syndrome qui ressemble à celui du stress post-traumatique (SSPT) après avoir regardé un film d’horreur. Six ans plus tard, la patiente présentait toujours les symptômes du SSPT correspondants aux critères du DSM-IV. La littérature scientifique a été examinée à la recherche de cas semblables et treize cas semblables ont été recensés. La présence des critères DSM-IV a été confirmée uniquement dans deux cas. Nous concluons que l’exposition à des films d’horreur peut déclencher un syndrome du type SSPT chez les personnes vulnérables.

          Translated abstract

          Dieser Artikel beschreibt den Fall eines 10-jährigen Mädchens, das ein PTBS-ähnliches Syndrom entwickelte, nachdem sie einen Horrorfilm angeschaut hatte. Sechs Jahre später zeigte die nun 16 Jahre alte Patientin nach wie vor PTBS Symptome auf, die den Kriterien des DSM-IV entsprachen. Wir forschten in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur nach Fallberichten des PTBS-ähnlichen Syndroms, die durch Horrorfilme induziert wurden und fanden 13 Fälle. In nur zwei Fällen wurden die DSM-IV-Kriterien bestätigt. Wir kommen zum Schluss, dass bei anfälligen Personen, die sich Horrorfilmen aussetzen, es zu PTBS-ähnlichen Syndromen kommen kann.

          Translated abstract

          Presentamos el caso de una niña de 10 años que desarrolló un síndrome tipo trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) después de ver una película de terror. Al cabo de seis años, la paciente aún cumplía con los criterios del DSM-IV para el TEPT. Durante la revisión de la literatura, identificamos 13 casos de síndromes similares al TEPT, inducidos por películas de terror, pero el diagnóstico basado en los criterios DSM fue hecho solo en dos casos. Películas de terror pueden desencadenar síndromes similares al TEPT en espectadores vulnerables.

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          Most cited references14

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          Finalizing PTSD in DSM-5: getting here from there and where to go next.

          The process that resulted in the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association; ) was empirically based and rigorous. There was a high threshold for any changes in any DSM-IV diagnostic criterion. The process is described in this article. The rationale is presented that led to the creation of the new chapter, "Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders," within the DSM-5 metastructure. Specific issues discussed about the DSM-5 PTSD criteria themselves include a broad versus narrow PTSD construct, the decisions regarding Criterion A, the evidence supporting other PTSD symptom clusters and specifiers, the addition of the dissociative and preschool subtypes, research on the new criteria from both Internet surveys and the DSM-5 field trials, the addition of PTSD subtypes, the noninclusion of complex PTSD, and comparisons between DSM-5 versus the World Health Association's forthcoming International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) criteria for PTSD. The PTSD construct continues to evolve. In DSM-5, it has moved beyond a narrow fear-based anxiety disorder to include dysphoric/anhedonic and externalizing PTSD phenotypes. The dissociative subtype may open the way to a fresh approach to complex PTSD. The preschool subtype incorporates important developmental factors affecting the expression of PTSD in young children. Finally, the very different approaches taken by DSM-5 and ICD-11 should have a profound effect on future research and practice. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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            Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after non-traumatic events: evidence from an open population study.

            Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the only psychiatric condition that requires a specific event to have occurred for its diagnosis. To gather evidence from the adult general population on whether life events (e.g. divorce, unemployment) generate as many symptoms of post-traumatic stress as traumatic events (e.g. accidents, abuse). Data on demographic characteristics and history of stressful events were collected through a written questionnaire sent to a random sample of 2997 adults. Respondents also filled out a PTSD symptom checklist, keeping in mind their worst event. Mean PTSD scores were compared, controlling for differences between the two groups. Differences in item scores and in the distribution of the total PTSD scores were analysed. Of the 1498 respondents, 832 were eligible for inclusion in our analysis. For events from the past 30 years the PTSD scores were higher after life events than after traumatic events; for earlier events the scores were the same for both types of events. These findings could not be explained by differences in demographics, history of stressful events, individual item scores, or the distribution of the total PTSD scores. Life events can generate at least as many PTSD symptoms as traumatic events. Our findings call for further studies on the specificity of traumatic events as a cause of PTSD.
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              Tales from the Screen: Enduring Fright Reactions to Scary Media

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rlpf
                Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental
                Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam.
                Associação Universitária de Pesquisa em Psicopatologia Fundamental (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1415-4714
                1984-0381
                June 2019
                : 22
                : 2
                : 360-375
                Affiliations
                [2] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [3] Niterói Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal Fluminense Brazil
                Article
                S1415-47142019000200360
                10.1590/1415-4714.2019v22n2p360.11
                c5ba4abc-bf47-4c1d-8c5d-a25b87d12d3a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 March 2018
                : 26 April 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Observing Psychiatry

                Transtornos de estresse,películas,medios de comunicación,TEPT,Trastornos de estrés,Kino,Medien,PTBS,Stresserkrankungen,motion pictures,mass media,PTSD,Stress disorders,cinema,médias,SSPT,Troubles de stress,mídia

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