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      Caracteres importantes na identificação de espécies de Ludwigia (Onagraceae) ocorrentes no Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil Translated title: Diagnostic characters important for the identification of species of Ludwigia (Onagraceae) from the Recôncavo basin of Bahia, Brazil

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          Abstract

          Resumo Na flora aquática do Brasil, o gênero Ludwigia apresenta ca. 48 espécies. A maioria das espécies de Ludwigia é anfíbia, apresentando uma grande plasticidade fenotípica, o que torna sua identificação complexa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento taxonômico e analisar caracteres diagnósticos na delimitação das espécies de Ludwigia ocorrentes no Recôncavo da Bahia. As coletas foram feitas de 2013 a 2016. Foram realizadas análises morfológicas, com ênfase nos frutos e sementes de materiais coletados e exsicatas de acervos de herbários da Bahia. Foram encontradas cinco espécies para o Recôncavo da Bahia: L. erecta, L. hyssopifolia, L. leptocarpa, L. octovalvis e L. peploides, sendo apresentada uma chave de identificação, além de descrições, fotos e comentários taxonômicos sobre as espécies. Os caracteres diagnósticos avaliados como mais relevantes neste estudo foram: forma e inserção dos óvulos nos lóculos, forma, dimensão e coloração das sementes e características do endocarpo e da rafe.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract In the aquatic flora of Brazil, the genus Ludwigia presents ca. 48 species. Ludwigia species are mostly helophytes and exhibit great phenotypic plasticity, which makes their identification difficult. The objective of our work was to analyse diagnostic characters that are of importance for the delimitation of Ludwigia species occurring in the Recôncavo basin of Bahia. Collections were made from 2013 to 2016. Morphological analysis was carried out using material collected in the field and specimens studied in several Bahian herbaria. Five species were found for the Recôncavo of Bahia: L. erecta, L. hyssopifolia, L. leptocarpa, L. octovalvis and L. peploides. An identification key, descriptions, photos and taxonomic comments are presented. The following fruit and seed characters were considered as the most important diagnostic features: ovary characters, ovule shape and placentation types, seed shape, dimensions, colour, endocarp and raphe.

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          Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff

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            Morfologia comparada de plântulas e plantas jovens de leguminosas arbóreas nativas: espécies de Phaseoleae, Sophoreae, Swartzieae e Tephrosieae

            Dados morfológicos referentes às fases juvenis das plantas são tão importantes quanto escassos na literatura. Neste trabalho, foram estudadas as plântulas e plantas jovens de Erythrina speciosa (Phaseoleae), Holocalyx balansae e Sophora tomentosa (Sophoreae), Swartzia langsdorffii (Swartzieae), Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus e Platycyamus regnellii (Tephrosieae), como parte de um amplo projeto com leguminosas arbóreas, que objetivou descrever a morfologia das fases juvenis, com vistas à identificação das espécies, fornecendo subsídios para trabalhos taxonômicos, filogenéticos e ecológicos. Erythrina speciosa apresentou plântula epígeo-carnosa, formando somente dois eofilos. As espécies de Sophoreae e Swartzieae formaram plântulas hipógeas, sendo constituídos de cinco a sete eofilos em Holocalyx balansae, de seis a 15 em Sophora tomentosa e de sete a 10 em Swartzia langsdorffii. Em Tephrosieae, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus produziu plântula hipógea e constituiu de oito a 10 eofilos e Platycyamus regnellii formou plântulas epígeo-carnosas e apenas dois eofilos. As plântulas e plantas jovens de Erythrina speciosa e de Platycyamus regnellii são similares, sendo distinguidas somente pela presença de espinhos e nectários extra-florais na primeira. Com relação à filotaxia, as espécies de Sophoreae e Swartzieae apresentaram somente nós alternos, enquanto que, em Phaseoleae e Tephrosieae, a filotaxia do primeiro nó eofilar foi oposta, passando a alterna nos nós subsequentes. Foram encontrados nódulos radiculares em todas as espécies, exceto em Holocalyx balansae e em Platycyamus regnellii.
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              Richness and distribution of aquatic macrophytes in Brazilian semi-arid aquatic ecosystems

              AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the richness and distribution of the aquatic macrophytes in the basin of the Apodi/Mossoró River, in the semi-arid region (caatinga) of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; METHODS: A survey of the floristic composition of the aquatic macrophytes was made at 20 sampling stations in the basin at four seasons (August/2007, November/2007, February/2008, May/2008). Specimens of each species were collected and deposited in the Dárdano de Andrade Lima Herbarium of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido; RESULTS: We found 40 species of aquatic macrophytes, in 33 genera and 22 families. The families with the most species were Poaceae and Cyperaceae, and the most species-rich genera were Cyperus and Eleocharis. The most common plant form was amphibian (42.5%), followed by emergent (27.5%), free-floating (12.5%), rooted-submersed (10.0%), and floating-leaved (7.5%). The lowest richness was observed at the estuarine region (3 species), and the highest richness in the upper basin (17 species). The rooted-submersed Hydrothrix gardneri Hooker f. and Ceratophyllum demersum L. were observed in great abundance and frequency in the Santa Cruz Reservoir of Apodi, especially in areas close to cage farms of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Linnaeus, 1758). The most common free-floating species were Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Pistia stratiotes L., and Salvinia auriculata Aubl., predominantly in stretches that run through urban centers; CONCLUSION: The species richness of aquatic macrophytes in aquatic environments of the caatinga is similar to that observed in other basins of Brazil. Because of the many dams and reservoirs in the semi-arid Northeast, inventory and monitoring of aquatic macrophytes have become essential, especially in basins that will receive water from the diversion of the São Francisco River.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rod
                Rodriguésia
                Rodriguésia
                Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0370-6583
                2175-7860
                2019
                : 70
                : 01392018
                Affiliations
                [1] Cruz das Almas Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas Brazil
                [2] Londrina Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Londrina orgdiv1Centro de Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Depto. Biologia Animal e Vegetal Brazil
                Article
                S2175-78602019000100273 S2175-7860(19)07000000273
                10.1590/2175-7860201970085
                cafa69a1-a095-41c6-8675-eb9e818df1a2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 August 2018
                : 02 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                semente.,plantas aquáticas,fruit,raphe,seed.,fruto,aquatic plants,rafe,endocarpo,endocarp

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