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      Migrating biliary stent with final destination at the ileocecal junction causing intestinal obstruction and obstructive biliopathy

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Endoscopic plastic biliary stent insertion is a minimally invasive, well-established procedure for the management of benign biliary pathology. We report a case of a migrating stent for over two days, which finally got impacted at the ileocecal junction, leading to intestinal obstruction and obstructive biliopathy. Radiological findings depicted the exact site of the dislodged biliary stent and its related complications, both of which were successfully treated in a nonoperative stepwise manner.

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          Most cited references12

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          Endoscopic retrieval of proximally migrated biliary and pancreatic stents: experience of a large referral center.

          Proximal migration of a biliary or pancreatic stent is an infrequent event but its management can be technically challenging. Review of all cases of proximally migrated biliary and pancreatic stents over a 10-year period at a referral pancreatic-biliary center. Data abstracted from patient records included indication for stenting, method of presentation, success of attempt, and method used. Successful methods were determined by reviewing procedure reports. Follow-up was attempted in all patients in whom stent retrieval had failed. Thirty-three proximally migrated bile duct stents, and 26 proximally migrated pancreatic duct stents were identified. Most of the patients were without symptoms. Eighty-five percent of common bile duct stents and 80% of pancreatic duct stents were successfully extracted endoscopically. Seventy-one percent (34 of 48) were retrieved with a basket or balloon. Of the stents not retrieved, two patients did not return for repeat ERCP, three patients with malignant common bile duct strictures were managed with placement of a second stent, three patients with pancreatic duct stents have remained without symptoms with no further retrieval attempts, and three patients with proximally migrated pancreatic duct stents required surgery because of pain and failure of multiple endoscopic retrieval attempts. Over 80% of proximally migrated bile duct and pancreatic duct stents may be extracted endoscopically. Few patients will require surgery.
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            Stent migration necessitating surgical intervention.

            Internal drainage with transhepatically or endoscopically placed endoprostheses has been used for many years as a temporary or definitive treatment for biliary tract obstruction. As a late complication, stent migration may occur. We reviewed our records to identify patients who were operated on for a migrated endoprosthesis that was causing complications. In all, five such patients were identified. One patient had a large bowel perforation. Bowel penetration led to an interenteric fistula in one patient and to a biliocolic fistula formation in another. Small bowel distension was found in two patients. Surgical treatment consisted of local excision in three patients, segmental resection in one patient, and a bypass operation in the patient with biliocolic fistula. Postoperatively, four patients recovered without problems, but one patient died during a complicated postoperative course. If a stent becomes stuck in the gastrointestinal tract and is not accessible for endoscopic removal, early operative revision is mandatory to prevent further complications.
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              Biliary stent endoprosthesis: analysis of complications in 113 patients.

              Stent endoprosthesis has been advocated as an alternative to internal-external catheter drainage for decompression of biliary obstruction, but drawbacks have never been specifically analyzed, to our knowledge. A retrospective review of 118 biliary stent endoprostheses placed in 113 patients assessed the frequency, nature, and treatability of significant complications. Complications were categorized as early (morbidity or mortality within the first 30 days) or late (after 30 days). The early complication rate was 17% (19/113); the late complication rate, 31% (32/102). Early complications were most often due to unstable stent positioning in technically difficult procedures involving periportal obstruction (4/8), while the most common late problems were lumen occlusion (23/102 [23%]), migrations (6/102 [6%]), and tumor overgrowth of the stent (3/102 [3%]). Neither the histologic features nor the location of the primary tumor correlated with the potential for long-term stent dysfunction. Specific treatment of complications was carried out in 17 of 102 patients (17%) and almost invariably required readmission and remanipulation or de novo biliary drainage.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian J Radiol Imaging
                IJRI
                The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
                Medknow Publications (India )
                0971-3026
                1998-3808
                November 2010
                : 20
                : 4
                : 304-306
                Affiliations
                Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Ngan Shing St., Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
                [1 ]Department of Radiology, Super Speciality Hospital, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Dr. Darshana Rasalkar, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Ngan Shing St., Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR. E-mail: drdarshanar@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                IJRI-20-304
                10.4103/0971-3026.73535
                3056631
                21423909
                cbcf5034-b506-4cda-aa22-8955e812c45e
                © Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Interventional

                Radiology & Imaging
                biliary stent,migration,ileocecal junction
                Radiology & Imaging
                biliary stent, migration, ileocecal junction

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