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      Estratégia Saúde da Família: contribuições das equipes de saúde no cuidado nutricional da criança Translated title: Family Health Strategy: contributions of health teams in the nutritional care of children

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          Abstract

          Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a estrutura e o processo de trabalho de equipes de saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família relacionados ao cuidado nutricional da criança. Pequisa avaliativa de 136 equipes de saúde em 45 municípios paraibanos. Os dados de estrutura (disponibilidade de equipamentos antropométricos, suplementos e documentos técnicos) e processo (gestão, intersetorialidade e atividades da Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil) foram sintetizados em escores e classificados como incipiente, intermediário ou avançado. Realizaram-se análises segundo características contextuais do município (porte populacional e desenvolvimento humano) e da equipe de saúde (se do Programa Mais Médicos ou convencional e se ampliada ou não com nutricionista). O cuidado nutricional foi classificado no nível intermediário, sendo a disponibilidade de documentos técnicos, o uso do SISVAN ou do e-SUS e a implantação da Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil os itens mais deficitários. Municípios de porte grande e equipes de saúde ampliadas com nutricionista apresentaram melhores condições de estrutura e processo, respectivamente. A implantação fragmentada do cuidado nutricional demanda melhorias de estrutura e processo para sua qualificação.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The scope of this article is to evaluate the structure and work processes of Family Health Strategy teams related to the nutritional care of children. It involved an assessment survey of 136 health teams in 45 municipalities in the State of Paraíba. The data on structure (availability of anthropometric equipment, supplements and technical documents) and processes (management, intersectoriality and activities of the Brazilian Breastfeeding and Feeding Strategy) were summarized in scores and classified as incipient, intermediate or advanced. Analyses were performed according to contextual characteristics of the municipality (population size and human development) and the health team (whether from the Programa Mais Médicos or conventional teams, and whether accompanied by a nutritionist or not). Nutritional care was classified at the intermediate level, with the availability of technical documents, the use of SISVAN or the e-SUS and the implementation of the Brazilian Breastfeeding and Feeding Strategy being the most deficient items. Large municipalities and expanded health teams with nutritionists had better structure and process conditions, respectively. The fragmented implementation of nutritional care calls for improvements in structure and processes for due fitness for purpose.

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          The quality of care. How can it be assessed?

          Before assessment can begin we must decide how quality is to be defined and that depends on whether one assesses only the performance of practitioners or also the contributions of patients and of the health care system; on how broadly health and responsibility for health are defined; on whether the maximally effective or optimally effective care is sought; and on whether individual or social preferences define the optimum. We also need detailed information about the causal linkages among the structural attributes of the settings in which care occurs, the processes of care, and the outcomes of care. Specifying the components or outcomes of care to be sampled, formulating the appropriate criteria and standards, and obtaining the necessary information are the steps that follow. Though we know much about assessing quality, much remains to be known.
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            Estratégia Saúde da Família, um forte modelo de Atenção Primária à Saúde que traz resultados

            RESUMO Este artigo revisa e sintetiza evidências sobre o impacto da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) a partir do marco conceitual de sistemas de saúde da Organização Mundial da Saúde, o qual agrega os conceitos de acesso, proteção financeira, qualidade dos serviços, eficiência no sistema, impacto na saúde e equidade. Os resultados sugerem que a ESF contribuiu para a melhoria em todos esses indicadores, com alguns efeitos no acesso e equidade com resultados quase chegando aos níveis observados nos países da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico. Embora ainda haja bastante espaço para melhorias, a evidência é clara de que a ESF é uma abordagem poderosa e eficaz para a organização da atenção primária à saúde no Brasil.
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              Quality of nutrition services in primary health care facilities: Implications for integrating nutrition into the health system in Bangladesh

              Background In 2011, the Bangladesh Government introduced the National Nutrition Services (NNS) by leveraging the existing health infrastructure to deliver nutrition services to pregnant woman and children. This study examined the quality of nutrition services provided during antenatal care (ANC) and management of sick children younger than five years. Methods Service delivery quality was assessed across three dimensions; structural readiness, process and outcome. Structural readiness was assessed by observing the presence of equipment, guidelines and register/reporting forms in ANC rooms and consulting areas for sick children at 37 primary healthcare facilities in 12 sub-districts. In addition, the training and knowledge relevant to nutrition service delivery of 95 healthcare providers was determined. The process of nutrition service delivery was assessed by observing 381 ANC visits and 826 sick children consultations. Satisfaction with the service was the outcome and was determined by interviewing 541 mothers/caregivers of sick children. Results Structural readiness to provide nutrition services was higher for ANC compared to management of sick children; 73% of ANC rooms had >5 of the 13 essential items while only 13% of the designated areas for management of sick children had >5 of the 13 essential items. One in five (19%) healthcare providers had received nutrition training through the NNS. Delivery of the nutrition services was poor: <30% of women received all four key antenatal nutrition services, 25% of sick children had their weight checked against a growth-chart and <1% had their height measured. Nevertheless, most mothers/caregivers rated their satisfaction of the service above average. Conclusions Strengthening the provision of equipment and increasing the coverage of training are imperative to improve nutrition services. Inherent barriers to implementing nutrition services in primary health care, especially high caseloads during the management of sick under-five children, should be considered to identify alternative and appropriate service delivery platforms before nationwide scale up.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-8123
                1678-4561
                May 2021
                : 26
                : 5
                : 1767-1780
                Affiliations
                [1] Campina Grande Paraíba orgnameUniversidade Estadual da Paraíba Brazil dixisfigueroa@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1413-81232021000501767 S1413-8123(21)02600501767
                10.1590/1413-81232021265.04622021
                cc1d591c-4ea7-4023-90ae-fca474bd2d78

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 July 2020
                : 26 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo

                Research into healthcare services,Programas de Nutrição,Pesquisa sobre serviços de saúde,Atenção Primária à Saúde,Nutrition programs,Primary Health Care

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