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      TRÊS DÉCADAS DE MERCOSUL: INSTITUCIONALIDADE, CAPACIDADE ESTATAL E BAIXA INTENSIDADE DA INTEGRAÇÃO Translated title: THREE DECADES OF MERCOSUR: INSTITUTIONALITY, STATE CAPACITY AND LOW INTEGRATION INTENSITY

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          Abstract

          Resumo Ao longo de três décadas, o Mercosul passou por diversas fases e enfrentou distintas crises, embora permanecesse o consenso entre seus membros sobre a sua importância para a região e como instrumento de inserção internacional, à exceção do momento atual com o posicionamento questionador do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como a tensão entre os defensores de um Mercosul mais aprofundado e de um Mercosul meramente comercial afetou a institucionalidade desse processo ao longo do tempo, assim como suscitou crises e relançamentos. O argumento deste artigo é que a não construção de um consenso sobre qual o significado da cooperação no Mercosul e os seus objetivos, propiciou uma institucionalidade frágil, suscetível a retrocessos no processo de integração.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Over the course of three decades, Mercosur has passed through several phases and faced different crises. Although its members have maintained a consensus on its importance for the region and as an instrument of international insertion, the current moment marks an exception with the contesting position of Jair Bolsonaro’s administration. This article aims to discuss how the tension between the defenders of a deeper Mercosur and a purely commercial Mercosur has affected the institutionality of this process over time, caused crises and relaunching. The argument of this article is that the failure to build a consensus on the meaning of cooperation in Mercosur and its objectives has provided a fragile institutional framework, susceptible to setbacks in the integration process.

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          Most cited references41

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          The Eclipse of the State? Reflections on Stateness in an Era of Globalization

          The economic logic of the current international economy does not predict the “eclipse of the state”. Economic globalization does restrict state power, but transnational capital needs capable states as much or more than does domestically oriented business. National success in the current global political economy has been associated not with minimal states but with states that are capable, active, and engaged. Pressure for eclipse flows from the conjunction between transnational economic forces and the political hegemony of an Anglo-American ideology that, in J. P. Nettl's words, “simply leaves no room for any valid notion of the state”. Even this combination of economic and political pressure is unlikely to eclipse the state, but it is likely to put public institutions on the defensive, eclipsing any possibility of the “embedded liberalism” described by John Ruggie. A “leaner, meaner” state is the likely outcome. The possibility of a more progressive alternative outcome would depend in part on whether current zero-sum visions of the relation between the state and civil society can be replaced by a more synergistic view.
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            O Estado como problema e solução

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              Autonomia, Integração Regional e Política Externa Brasileira: Mercosul e Unasul

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ln
                Lua Nova: Revista de Cultura e Política
                Lua Nova
                CEDEC (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0102-6445
                1807-0175
                April 2021
                : 112
                : 147-179
                Affiliations
                [2] Brasília Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Instituto de Relações Internacionais Brazil rgmenezes@ 123456unb.br
                [1] Araraquara São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências e Letras Brazil karina.mariano@ 123456unesp.br
                Article
                S0102-64452021000100147 S0102-6445(21)00011200147
                10.1590/0102-147179/112
                cc506e38-9001-4425-8f68-ba5a35b09153

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 2021
                : 12 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 33
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Dossiê - 30 Anos de Mercosul

                Institucionalidade,Institutionality,Integration,State Capacity,Mercosur,Integração,Capacidade Estatal,Mercosul

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