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      Neurografía por resonancia magnética en la evaluación de los nervios periféricos Translated title: Magnetic resonance neurography in the evaluation of peripheral nerves

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          Abstract

          Resumen: La neurografía por resonancia magnética (NRM), con secuencias de alta resolución, permite un detallado estudio de los plexos y nervios periféricos. Para su interpretación, es necesario contar con conocimientos generales de RM, así como de la anatomía del sistema neuromuscular y de las lesiones que lo afectan. La patología de los nervios y plexos puede dividirse en mononeuropatías (por trauma, atrapamiento o tumores) y polineuropatías hereditarias (como la enfermedad de Charcot Marie Tooth) o adquiridas (por poliradiculoneuropatía desmielinizante idiopática crónica, diabetes, vasculitis o inflamación) El objetivo de esta revisión es describir la técnica de estudio de la neurografía por resonancia magnética, así como las características del nervio periférico normal y patológico.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN), with high resolution sequences, allows for a detailed study of the plexus and peripheral nerves. For its interpretation, it is necessary to have a general knowledge of MR, as well as of the anatomy of the neuromuscular system and lesions that affect it. Nerve and plexus pathology can be divided into mononeuropathies (for trauma, entrapment or tumors) and hereditary polyneuropathies (such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) or acquired (for chronic idiopathic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, diabetes, vasculitis or inflammation). The objective of this review is to describe the study technique of Magnetic Resonance Neurography as well as the characteristics of the normal and pathological peripheral nerve.

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          Simple proton spectroscopic imaging.

          Simple modification of a spin echo imaging pulse sequence generates useful spectroscopic information at 0.35 T. New images are produced that show water only, fat only, and the difference between water and fat intensity. Imaging speed, spatial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio are comparable with ordinary imaging. The method provides new parameters for tissue characterization and improved contrast between some organs.
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            THREE TYPES OF NERVE INJURY

            H. SEDDON (1943)
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              Clinical, pathological, and molecular variables predictive of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor outcome.

              Improved staging systems for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) prognostication and management are needed. Consequently, we sought to identify clinical, pathologic, and molecular predictors of outcome in patients with/without neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) associated MPNST. MPNST patients treated from 1986 to 2006 (n = 140) were identified; 72 had NF-1 syndrome and 68 did not. A comprehensive database was constructed. Paraffin-embedded neurofibroma or MPNST blocks were assembled in a tissue microarray; marker expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. Univariable and multivariable analyses identified independent factors prognostic of local recurrence, distant metastasis, and disease-specific survival (DSS). DSS at 10 years was 31.6% for 87 primary disease patients, 25.9% for 26 recurrent patients, and 7.5% for 27 metastatic patients after median follow up of 91 months. The 5 years DSS for localized tumor patients was 35% for NF-1 patients and 50% for sporadic patients. MPNST >or=10 cm at diagnosis, partial resection, and metastasis development were significant negative predictors of DSS; completely resected tumors that lacked S-100 immunoreactivity had a nearly 5-fold increased risk of developing distant metastasis. Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor, p53, and pMEK were over-expressed in MPNST compared with benign neurofibromas. Only tumor size and nuclear p53 expression were found to be independent prognosticators for MPNST DSS in a multivariable analysis. MPSNT is a markedly metastatic and aggressive poor prognosis tumor. Multiple clinical, pathologic, and molecular markers identified in this study, coupled with findings from previous series, should be considered for an improved MPNST staging system useful for prognostic assessment and management decisions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchradiol
                Revista chilena de radiología
                Rev. chil. radiol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Radiología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-9308
                2015
                : 21
                : 3
                : 108-115
                Affiliations
                [02] Buenos Aires orgnameFundación para el estudio de Enfermedades Neurológicas- FLENI orgdiv1Dpto. de Diagnóstico por Imágenes orgdiv2Servicio de Resonancia Magnética Argentina
                [01] Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Argentina
                Article
                S0717-93082015000300006 S0717-9308(15)02100300006
                cc7b0556-abf5-43cf-99f5-47aa989813f1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 November 2014
                : 12 August 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 44, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                NEURORADIOLOGIA

                MR Neurography,Peripheral nervous system,Peripheral neuropathy,RM,Sistema nervioso periférico,Neurografía por RM,MRI,Neuropatía periférica

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