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      The Phlebotominae sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna of two Atlantic Rain Forest Reserves in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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          Abstract

          During two consecutive years, studies on the sand fly fauna in Poço das Antas and Fazenda Bom Retiro, two Atlantic Rain Forest Reserves from the State of Rio de Janeiro, were performed using Shannon traps, CDC light traps and human bait collections. Eleven species were identified; Lutzomyia longipalpis, L. migonei, L. edwardsi, L. intermedia, L. whitmani, L. fischeri, L. shannoni, L. ayrozai, L. hirsuta, L. monticola and L. misionensis (first occurrence in the State of Rio de Janeiro). L. intermedia and L. whitmani were the predominant anthropophilic species around houses, while L. hirsuta predominated in the forest.

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          Sampling methods for phlebotomine sandflies.

          David B. Alexander (2000)
          A review is presented of methods for sampling phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). Among approximately 500 species of Phlebotominae so far described, mostly in the New World genus Lutzomyia and the Old World genus Phlebotomus, about 10% are known vectors of Leishmania parasites or other pathogens. Despite being small and fragile, sandflies have a wide geographical range with species occupying a considerable diversity of ecotopes and habitats, from deserts to humid forests, so that suitable methods for collecting them are influenced by environmental conditions where they are sought. Because immature phlebotomines occupy obscure terrestrial habitats, it is difficult to find their breeding sites. Therefore, most trapping methods and sampling procedures focus on sandfly adults, whether resting or active. The diurnal resting sites of adult sandflies include tree holes, buttress roots, rock crevices, houses, animal shelters and burrows, from which they may be aspirated directly or trapped after being disturbed. Sandflies can be collected during their periods of activity by interception traps, or by using attractants such as bait animals, CO2 or light. The method of trapping used should: (a) be suited to the habitat and area to be surveyed, (b) take into account the segment of the sandfly population to be sampled (species, sex and reproduction condition) and (c) yield specimens of appropriate condition for the study objectives (e.g. identification of species present, population genetics or vector implication). Methods for preservation and transportation of sandflies to the laboratory also depend on the objectives of a particular study and are described accordingly.
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            Epidemiology of dermal leishmaniasis in the Rio Doce Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

            Pedro Coelho, N Melo, Ana Isabel C. A. Fontaine Costa … (1979)
            Dermal leishmaniasis is prevalent in the predominantly settled agricultural areas in the Rio Doce Valley in the eastern part of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The disease has been recorded almost equally in both sexes. Cases have been confirmed in all age groups but youths aged ten to 14 years form the population segment at greatest risk to infection. Cases of single cutaneous lesions, multiple cutaneous lesions and muco-cutaneous lesions have been recorded in the area. Isolates of parasites include representatives of the Leishmania mexicana and L. braziliensis complexes and at least one parasite that does not fit into either category. Infections have not been detected in small mammals (mainly rodents) but about 3% of dogs are infected. The phlebotomine fauna includes no species (or close relatives of species) previously incriminated as vectors of mexicana and braziliensis infections in Brazil. In the complex and confusing epidemiological situation in the Rio Doce Valley it seems unwise to apply traditional specific names to Leishmania of the area.
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              Studies on sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

              Elizabeth F. Rangel, Alfredto Azevedo, Claudia A Andrade-Coelho … (1990)
              Lutzomyia intermedia was the predominant species. It was collected indoors but in much higher numbers outdoors, in the close vicinity of houses. In comparative captures it was found to feed more frequently on equines, and less frequently on man and dogs. Studies, using man and animals as baits, showed that blood-feeding started in the evening, and remained stable during the night, until early morning. June, August and October were the months of highest density.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): mioc
                Title: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
                Abbreviated Title: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
                Publisher: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                ISSN (Print): 0074-0276
                ISSN (Electronic): 1678-8060
                Publication date (Print and electronic): April 2001
                Volume: 96
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 319-324
                Affiliations
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameFiocruz orgdiv1Instituto Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv2Departamento de Entomologia Brasil
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0074-02762001000300006 Publisher ID: S0074-0276(01)09600306
                DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762001000300006
                SO-VID: ccb48586-e7a9-4c11-a0bd-8b85c00ff60f
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date accepted : 14 November 2000
                Date received : 12 April 2000
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 18, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Subject: Epidemiology

                Keywords: preserved areas,Atlantic Rain Forest,ecology,Phlebotominae,Brazil,Rio de Janeiro
                Data availability:
                Keywords: preserved areas, Atlantic Rain Forest, ecology, Phlebotominae, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

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