WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

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Most cited references 9

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Towards sustainability in world fisheries.

Daniel Pauly, Villy Christensen, Sylvie Guénette … (2002)

Fisheries have rarely been 'sustainable'. Rather, fishing has induced serial depletions, long masked by improved technology, geographic expansion and exploitation of previously spurned species lower in the food web. With global catches declining since the late 1980s, continuation of present trends will lead to supply shortfall, for which aquaculture cannot be expected to compensate, and may well exacerbate. Reducing fishing capacity to appropriate levels will require strong reductions of subsidies. Zoning the oceans into unfished marine reserves and areas with limited levels of fishing effort would allow sustainable fisheries, based on resources embedded in functional, diverse ecosystems.

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Updated estimates and analysis of global fisheries subsidies

U. Sumaila, Naazia Ebrahim, Anna Schuhbauer … (2019)

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The economics of fishing the high seas

Enric Sala, Juan Pablo Mayorga, Christopher Costello … (2018)

Much of the economic profitability of fishing the high seas is dependent on government subsidies.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Science

Abbreviated Title: Science

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

ISSN (Print): 0036-8075

ISSN (Electronic): 1095-9203

Publication date Created: October 29 2021

Publication date (Print): October 29 2021

Volume: 374

Issue: 6567

Page: 544

Affiliations

[1 ]Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[2 ]School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[3 ]Cross-Research in Environmental Technologies, Department of Applied Economics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.

[4 ]School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.

[5 ]Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.

[6 ]Instituto de Ciências Econômicas, Administrativas e Contábeis, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.

[7 ]Centre for Applied Research at Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway.

[8 ]Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.

[9 ]Global Ocean Accounts Partnership, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

[10 ]African Marine Environment Sustainability Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria.

[11 ]Fish and Wildlife Unit, Department of Veterinary Public Health & Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

[12 ]Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, EX44RJ, UK.

[13 ]Centre for Coastal Management, Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.

[14 ]Dakshin Foundation, Bengaluru, India.

[15 ]The World Maritime University-Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden.

[16 ]Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana.

[17 ]Fisheries Department, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.

[18 ]School of Research and Graduate Studies, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota-Accra, Ghana.

[19 ]Institute for Environment and Development, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.

[20 ]WorldFish, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.

[21 ]SpeSeas, D’Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago.

[22 ]School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

[23 ]School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

[24 ]School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

[25 ]Ocean Frontier Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada.

[26 ]Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, CP 1524, Natal/RN, Brazil.

[27 ]Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

[28 ]SDGs Center, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

[29 ]Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.

[30 ]School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.

[31 ]Woodhill Solutions, Glyneath House, Longtown, Herefordshire, UK.

[32 ]Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.

[33 ]School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.

[34 ]Department of Industrial Economics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.

[35 ]Department of Fisheries and Water Resources, School of Natural Resources, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.

[36 ]Department of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

[37 ]World Aquaculture Society, African Chapter West African Region, Ibadan, Nigeria.

[38 ]School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.

[39 ]Department of Economics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1771, USA.

[40 ]Minderoo Foundation, Broadway Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.

[41 ]Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK.

[42 ]Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

[43 ]Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.

[44 ]Ecotrust Canada, Vancouver, BC V6A 2T2, Canada.

[45 ]Department of Natural Resource Sciences and Bieler School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.

[46 ]The Peopled Seas Initiative, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[47 ]People and the Ocean Specialist Group, Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland.

[48 ]Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.

[49 ]Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.

[50 ]Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

[51 ]School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

[52 ]Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.

[53 ]Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galápagos, Ecuador.

[54 ]Environmental Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303-0397, USA.

[55 ]Department of Geography and Geology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.

[56 ]Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[57 ]School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

[58 ]School of Economics, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.

[59 ]Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, USA.

[60 ]Independent Consultant, Brussels, Belgium.

[61 ]Department of Economics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

[62 ]Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil.

[63 ]Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.

[64 ]Biological and Marine Sciences, Hull University, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.

[65 ]Hokkaido University, Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido, Japan.

[66 ]Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[67 ]Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.

[68 ]School of the Environment, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.

[69 ]School of Business, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.

[70 ]Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[71 ]Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[72 ]Department of Innovation, Management and Marketing, University of Stavanger Business School, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.

[73 ]Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[74 ]Coastal Resources Center, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.

[75 ]The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 10405, Stockholm, Sweden.

[76 ]Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA.

[77 ]Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Marseille, France.

[78 ]Natural Capital Project, Biology Department and Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

[79 ]Economics and Business Administration for Society, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Campus Universitario, 32004 Ourense, Spain.

[80 ]Facultade de Ciencias Empresariais e Turismo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Campus Universitario, 32004 Ourense, Spain.

[81 ]Department of Applied Economics, Auburn University, College of Agriculture, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.

[82 ]Tilburg Sustainability Center and Department of Economics, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands.

[83 ]Center for Advanced Studies in Arid Zones, Campus Andrés Bello Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile.

[84 ]Faculty of Humanities, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

[85 ]Red Sea Research Centre and Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.

[86 ]Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.

[87 ]Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.

[88 ]Fisheries & Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada.

[89 ]Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

[90 ]World Maritime University of the International Maritime Organization, a Specialized Agency of the United Nations, Malmö, Sweden.

[91 ]Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

[92 ]Berman Institute of Bioethics, Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

[93 ]School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.

[94 ]The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.

[95 ]Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.

[96 ]Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.

[97 ]Geomar-Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

[98 ]Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

[99 ]Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

[100 ]Beneath the Waves, Herndon, VA 20172, USA.

[101 ]Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratory of Space Geophysical and Oceanographic Studies, Toulouse, France.

[102 ]University of Sao Paulo, Oceanographic Institute, Fisheries Ecosystems Laboratory, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil.

[103 ]Department of Environmental Science, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.

[104 ]Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Belville, Western Cape, South Africa.

[105 ]University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.

[106 ]Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

[107 ]IUCN Global Marine and Polar Programme, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

[108 ]Secure Fisheries, a program of One Earth Future foundation, Broomfield, CO 80021, USA.

[109 ]Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

[110 ]Global Resilience Partnership, Stockholm, Sweden.

[111 ]School of Government, Development and International Affairs, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.

[112 ]Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[113 ]Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA.

[114 ]National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.

[115 ]Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.

[116 ]Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa.

[117 ]Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[118 ]College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.

[119 ]University of North Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804, USA.

[120 ]Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA.

[121 ]Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.

[122 ]Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC 20036, USA.

[123 ]Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.

[124 ]Marine Futures Laboratory and Sea Around Us – Indian Ocean, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.

[125 ]Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.

[126 ]School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland.

[127 ]Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Sam Nujoma Campus, University of Namibia, Henties Bay, Namibia.

[128 ]Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, School of Government, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.

[129 ]General Education Academic and Career Pathway, Milwaukee Area Technical College, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.

[130 ]Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan.

[131 ]Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

[132 ]Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

[133 ]New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

[134 ]Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

[135 ]MarViva, San José, Costa Rica.

[136 ]Ocean Development Research Institute, Major Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.

[137 ]School of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.

[138 ]Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.

[139 ]Institute of Malaysian and International Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia.

[140 ]World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037, USA.

[141 ]The Lyell Centre, Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.

[142 ]Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Degnevej 14, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark.

[143 ]Department of Economics, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.

[144 ]Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.

[145 ]State Department for Planning, Nairobi, Kenya.

[146 ]Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940, USA.

[147 ]Department of Agriculture and Agro-Industry, Agribusiness Division, African Development Bank, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

[148 ]Coastal and Marine Resource Development, Bamburi, Mombasa, Kenya.

[149 ]Environmental Defense Fund, Boston, MA 02108, USA.

[150 ]Washington, DC, USA.

[151 ]Azim Premji University, Bengaluru, India.

[152 ]Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[153 ]Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

[154 ]International Union for Conservation of Nature, World Commission on Protected Areas, Gland, Switzerland.

[155 ]Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway.

[156 ]Department of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.

[157 ]Bloom, Paris 75011, France.

[158 ]Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA.

[159 ]High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA.

[160 ]Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

[161 ]State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

[162 ]The Kenneth C. Griffin Department of Economics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

[163 ]Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa.

[164 ]Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

[165 ]Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.

[166 ]China Ocean Institute, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.

[167 ]University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

[168 ]Department of Economics and Business, International Christian University, 3-10-2 Osawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan.

[169 ]Environmental Market Solutions Lab, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131, USA.

[170 ]National Geographic Society, Pristine Seas, Washington, DC 20036, USA.

[171 ]Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

[172 ]Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

[173 ]Global Health Graduate Programs, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

[174 ]Sustainable Fisheries Management, Calwell, ACT 2905, Australia.

[175 ]School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.

[176 ]Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.

[177 ]Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA.

[178 ]Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Pacific Grove, CA 94305, USA.

[179 ]Oceana-Europe, London, UK.

[180 ]Sustainable Seafood Network of India, 695001, Kerala, India.

[181 ]Marine Conservation Institute, Glen Ellen CA 95442, USA.

[182 ]The Agency for Research and Human Development on Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia.

[183 ]University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.

[184 ]Department of Applied Economics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.

[185 ]International Institute of Public Policy and Management, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

[186 ]Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

[187 ]Coastal Oceans Research and Development – Indian Ocean (CORDIO) East Africa, Mombasa 80101, Kenya.

[188 ]University of Dar es Salaam, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

[189 ]Ocean Networks, Canada University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.

[190 ]School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

[191 ]The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA.

[192 ]Basque Centre for Climate Change, Leioa, Spain.

[193 ]Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

[194 ]Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin.

[195 ]Hunan Intelligon Systems Co. Ltd, 597140, Singapore.

[196 ]Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390 Vigo, Spain.

[197 ]Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.

[198 ]Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.

[199 ]REV Ocean, NO-1366 Lysaker, Norway.

[200 ]National Geographic, Pristine Seas, Washington, DC 20036, USA.

[201 ]Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

[202 ]Department of Economics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

[203 ]School of Natural Resources, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México.

[204 ]School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

[205 ]Department of Economics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.

[206 ]University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

[207 ]Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada.

[208 ]Department of Social Sciences, Technology and Arts, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden.

[209 ]National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand.

[210 ]Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, UK.

[211 ]Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius.

[212 ]Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[213 ]School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

[214 ]The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Wuse, Abuja, Nigeria.

[215 ]Department of Economics, Universita di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.

[216 ]Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics, London WC2A 2AE, UK.

[217 ]Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

[218 ]National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan.

[219 ]Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany.

[220 ]Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.

[221 ]Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

[222 ]Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9SL, UK.

[223 ]Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Spatial Economics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

[224 ]Department of Fisheries, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey.

[225 ]Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

[226 ]Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

[227 ]Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

[228 ]Marine Conservation Finance Consulting and Ocean Finance Initiative, Asian Development Bank, Metro Manila, Philippines.

[229 ]Graduate School of Oceanography, The University of Rhode Island, Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.

[230 ]Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Mombasa, Kenya.

[231 ]Andlinger Center for Energy and Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.

[232 ]Mundus Maris, Agege, Lagos, Nigeria.

[233 ]Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan.

[234 ]Tasmanian School of Business and Economics, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS 7005, Australia.

[235 ]Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, UK, RG6 6AB, UK.

[236 ]School of Biological Sciences & Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

Article

DOI: 10.1126/science.abm1680

PubMed ID: 34709891

SO-VID: cd059117-0d19-41f4-b6ca-145ed3d82ddd

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WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

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UCL: UN SDG 14 Life Below Water

Most cited references 9

Towards sustainability in world fisheries.

Updated estimates and analysis of global fisheries subsidies

The economics of fishing the high seas

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Cited by 32

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