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      Efectos del consumo de una bebida de cajuil (Anacardium occidentale) sobre la respuesta glucémica e insulínica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 Translated title: Effects of consumption of a cashew drink (Anacardium occidentale) on glucose-insulin response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: evaluar el efecto del consumo de una bebida de cajuil sobre la respuesta glucémica e insulínica postprandial en diabéticos tipo 2. Materiales y métodos: se formuló una bebida con jugo del pseudofruto de cajuil al 60% (v/v), sucralosa, onoto, ácido cítrico y benzoato de sodio. Se realizó en una muestra de 10 adultos una prueba control con ingesta de 50 g de carbohidratos (pan blanco) y 250 mL de agua. Una semana después se repitió la prueba con pan blanco y 250 mL de bebida de cajuil. Se tomaron muestras de sangre a los 0, 60 y 120 minutos. La respuesta posprandial se estimó con el área incremental positiva, determinando el área bajo la curva según la regla de trapezoides. Resultados: el consumo de la bebida de cajuil disminuyó la glucemia a los 120 min post-ingesta del alimento, 209,8±60,2 mg/dL (prueba control) vs 181,6±48,2 mg/dL (prueba cajuil), con disminución significativa en el área bajo la curva de la glucemia (p<0,05). El jugo de cajuil incrementó significativamente la respuesta insulínica a los 120 min, 25,5±9,2 μUI/mL (prueba control) vs 36,4±12,8 μUI/mL (prueba cajuil) (p<0,05). Conclusión: el consumo de la bebida de cajuil mejoró la respuesta glucémica e insulínica de los pacientes en estudio.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: to evaluate the effect of consumption of a cashew drink on postprandial glucose-insulin response in type 2 diabetics. Materials and methods: we developed a drink with juice of cashew pseudofruit 60% (v/v), sucralose, annatto, citric acid and sodium benzoate. In a sample of 10 adults we tested the intake of 50 grams of carbohydrates (white bread) and 250 mL of water (control test). A week later the test was repeated with white bread and 250 mL of the cashew drink. Blood samples were taken at 0, 60 and 120 minutes. The postprandial response was assessed by the positive incremental area, determining the area under the curve by the trapezoidal rule. Results: cashew drink consumption decreased glucose at 120 min post-ingestion, 209,8±60,2 mg/dL (control test) vs. 181,6±48,2 mg/ dL (cashew test), with significant decrease in the area under the curve of blood glucose (p <0,05). Cashew juice significantly increased the insulin response at 120 min, 25,5±9,2 mUI/mL (control test) vs. 36,4±12,8 mUI/mL (cashew test) (p <0,05). Conclusion: consumption of a cashew drink improved glucose-insulin response of patients in the study.

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          Increased cancer-related mortality for patients with type 2 diabetes who use sulfonylureas or insulin.

          Numerous studies have identified an increased risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes. We explored the association between antidiabetic therapies and cancer-related mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes, postulating that agents that increase insulin levels might promote cancer. This was a population-based cohort study using administrative databases from Saskatchewan Health. Cancer-related mortality was compared among inception cohorts of metformin users and sulfonylurea monotherapy users. Multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of cancer-related mortality, after adjusting for age, sex, insulin use, and chronic disease score. All statistical tests were two-sided. We identified 10,309 new users of metformin or sulfonylureas with an average follow-up of 5.4 +/- 1.9 years (means +/- SD). The mean age for the cohort was 63.4 +/- 13.3 years, and 55% were men. Cancer mortality over follow-up was 4.9% (162 of 3,340) for sulfonylurea monotherapy users, 3.5% (245 of 6,969) for metformin users, and 5.8% (84 of 1,443) for subjects who used insulin. After multivariate adjustment, the sulfonylurea cohort had greater cancer-related mortality compared with the metformin cohort (adjusted HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1-1.6]; P = 0.012). Insulin use was associated with an adjusted HR of cancer-related mortality of 1.9 (95% CI 1.5-2.4; P < 0.0001). Patients with type 2 diabetes exposed to sulfonylureas and exogenous insulin had a significantly increased risk of cancer-related mortality compared with patients exposed to metformin. It is uncertain whether this increased risk is related to a deleterious effect of sulfonylurea and insulin or a protective effect of metformin or due to some unmeasured effect related to both choice of therapy and cancer risk.
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            The glycemic index: methodology and clinical implications.

            There is controversy regarding the clinical utility of classifying foods according to their glycemic responses by using the glycemic index (GI). Part of the controversy is due to methodologic variables that can markedly affect the interpretation of glycemic responses and the GI values obtained. Recent studies support the clinical utility of the GI. Within limits determined by the expected GI difference and by the day-to-day variation of glycemic responses, the GI predicts the ranking of the glycemic potential of different meals in individual subjects. In long-term trials, low-GI diets result in modest improvements in overall blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Of perhaps greater therapeutic importance is the ability of low-GI diets to reduce insulin secretion and lower blood lipid concentrations in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
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              Pautas éticas internacionales para la investigación biomédica en seres humanos

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                penh
                Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana
                Perspect Nut Hum
                Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia )
                0124-4108
                June 2012
                : 14
                : 1
                : 11-21
                Affiliations
                [02] Santiago orgnameUniversidad Internacional SEK orgdiv1Facultad de Salud y Ciencias de la Actividad Física Chile
                [01] Maracaibo orgnameUniversidad del Zulia Venezuela
                Article
                S0124-41082012000100002 S0124-4108(12)01400102
                cd35363c-fe50-4025-bd02-00e0939b11ca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 April 2012
                : 18 June 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Investigación

                insulin,blood glucose,type 2,diabetes mellitus,plants,medicinal,hypoglycemic effect,Anacardium occidentale,insulina,glucemia,diabetes mellitus tipo 2,efecto hipoglucemiante,plantas medicinales

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