The influence of maternal prepregnancy weight and gestational weight gain on the umbilical cord blood metabolome: a case–control study

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Abstract

Background

Maternal overweight/obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are frequently reported to be risk factors for obesity and other metabolic disorders in offspring. Cord blood metabolites provide information on fetal nutritional and metabolic health and could provide an early window of detection of potential health issues among newborns. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of maternal prepregnancy overweight/obesity and excessive GWG on cord blood metabolic profiles.

Methods

A case control study including 33 pairs of mothers with prepregnancy overweight/obesity and their neonates, 30 pairs of mothers with excessive GWG and their neonates, and 32 control mother-neonate pairs. Untargeted metabolomic profiling of umbilical cord blood samples were performed using UHPLC‒MS/MS.

Results

Forty-six metabolites exhibited a significant increase and 60 metabolites exhibited a significant reduction in umbilical cord blood from overweight and obese mothers compared with mothers with normal body weight. Steroid hormone biosynthesis and neuroactive ligand‒receptor interactions were the two top-ranking pathways enriched with these metabolites ( P = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Compared with mothers with normal GWG, in mothers with excessive GWG, the levels of 63 metabolites were increased and those of 46 metabolites were decreased in umbilical cord blood. Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids was the most altered pathway enriched with these metabolites ( P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Prepregnancy overweight and obesity affected the fetal steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, while excessive GWG affected fetal fatty acid metabolism. This emphasizes the importance of preconception weight loss and maintaining an appropriate GWG, which are beneficial for the long-term metabolic health of offspring.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-024-06507-x.

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Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years.

Ashkan Afshin, Mohammad Forouzanfar, Marissa Reitsma … (2018)

Background While the rising pandemic of obesity has received significant attention in many countries, the effect of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remains uncertain. Methods We analyzed data from 67.8 million individuals to assess the trends in obesity and overweight prevalence among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body mass index (BMI), by age, sex, cause, and BMI level in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. Results In 2015, obesity affected 107.7 million (98.7-118.4) children and 603.7 million (588.2- 619.8) adults worldwide. Obesity prevalence has doubled since 1980 in more than 70 countries and continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries was greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million (2.7- 5.3) deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred among non-obese. More than two-thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden of high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated due to decreases in underlying cardiovascular disease death rates. Conclusions The rapid increase in prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem.

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Metabolomics: beyond biomarkers and towards mechanisms.

Caroline Johnson, Julijana Ivanisevic, Gary Siuzdak (2016)

Metabolomics, which is the profiling of metabolites in biofluids, cells and tissues, is routinely applied as a tool for biomarker discovery. Owing to innovative developments in informatics and analytical technologies, and the integration of orthogonal biological approaches, it is now possible to expand metabolomic analyses to understand the systems-level effects of metabolites. Moreover, because of the inherent sensitivity of metabolomics, subtle alterations in biological pathways can be detected to provide insight into the mechanisms that underlie various physiological conditions and aberrant processes, including diseases.

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Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China

Xiong-Fei Pan, Limin Wang, An Pan (2021)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Guanghui Li:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-1515

liguanghui@ccmu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

Title: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2393

Publication date (Electronic): 22 April 2024

Publication date PMC-release: 22 April 2024

Publication date Collection: 2024

Volume: 24

Electronic Location Identifier: 297

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.24696.3f, ISNI 0000 0004 0369 153X, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, , Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, ; No. 251, Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026 China

[2 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, ( https://ror.org/00js3aw79) Changchun, 130041 Jilin China

Author information

Xianxian Yuan http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8762-8471

Guanghui Li http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-1515

Article

Publisher ID: 6507

DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06507-x

PMC ID: 11034091

PubMed ID: 38649888

SO-VID: cd81ae78-d638-4feb-a973-48907403ac11

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 30 September 2023

Date accepted : 11 April 2024

Funding

Funded by: Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China

Award ID: 7214231

Award Recipient : Xianxian Yuan

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Obstetrics & Gynecology

Keywords: maternal obesity,gestational weight gain,offspring health,metabolites,umbilical cord blood

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Obstetrics & Gynecology

Keywords: maternal obesity, gestational weight gain, offspring health, metabolites, umbilical cord blood

The influence of maternal prepregnancy weight and gestational weight gain on the umbilical cord blood metabolome: a case–control study

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Abstract

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Supplementary Information

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Advocacy for Maternal and Women’s Health

Most cited references 44

Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years.

Metabolomics: beyond biomarkers and towards mechanisms.

Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China

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