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      Enfermedad renal crónica oculta en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo Translated title: Hidden chronic kidney disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: la enfermedad renal crónica está considerada como un problema de salud pública global; existen datos convincentes de que puede ser detectada mediante pruebas simples de laboratorio. Su tratamiento puede prevenir las complicaciones, lentificar la progresión y reducir el riesgo cardiovascular. Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de la enfermedad renal crónica oculta en pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y con componente analítico de los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica aguda, que estaban hospitalizados en el Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico «Arnaldo Milián Castro», desde enero a diciembre de 2014. Se revisaron las historias clínicas hospitalarias, las bases de datos del Centro de diagnóstico, los documentos del Departamento de estadística y el registro de Anatomía patológica de aquellos que fallecieron. Resultados: al 16,7 % de los pacientes se le diagnosticó la enfermedad. Predominaron los pacientes mayores de 70 años de edad, del sexo femenino y de piel blanca; el diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo más frecuente fue el infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo que más se asociaron a la enfermedad renal crónica oculta fueron: la edad avanzada, el sexo femenino, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus e insuficiencia cardíaca.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: chronic kidney disease is considered a global public health problem; there are convincing data that it can be detected by simple laboratory tests. Its treatment can prevent complications, slow progression and reduce cardiovascular risk. Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of hidden chronic kidney disease in patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome. Method: a descriptive, retrospective and analytical study was conducted in patients with acute coronary syndrome who were hospitalized in the Cardiology Service at "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Clinico-Surgical University Hospital from January to December 2014. Hospital clinical records, databases of the Diagnostic Center, documents of the Department of Statistics and the register of Pathological Anatomy of those who died were reviewed. Results: 16.7% of patients were diagnosed with the disease. Patients over 70 years of age, female and white-skinned predominated; the most frequent diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome was acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. Conclusions: the risk factors most associated with hidden chronic kidney disease were: old age, female gender, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and heart failure.

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          Most cited references21

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          2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias.

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            A validated prediction model for all forms of acute coronary syndrome: estimating the risk of 6-month postdischarge death in an international registry.

            Accurate estimation of risk for untoward outcomes after patients have been hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may help clinicians guide the type and intensity of therapy. To develop a simple decision tool for bedside risk estimation of 6-month mortality in patients surviving admission for an ACS. A multinational registry, involving 94 hospitals in 14 countries, that used data from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) to develop and validate a multivariable stepwise regression model for death during 6 months postdischarge. From 17,142 patients presenting with an ACS from April 1, 1999, to March 31, 2002, and discharged alive, 15,007 (87.5%) had complete 6-month follow-up and represented the development cohort for a model that was subsequently tested on a validation cohort of 7638 patients admitted from April 1, 2002, to December 31, 2003. All-cause mortality during 6 months postdischarge after admission for an ACS. The 6-month mortality rates were similar in the development (n = 717; 4.8%) and validation cohorts (n = 331; 4.7%). The risk-prediction tool for all forms of ACS identified 9 variables predictive of 6-month mortality: older age, history of myocardial infarction, history of heart failure, increased pulse rate at presentation, lower systolic blood pressure at presentation, elevated initial serum creatinine level, elevated initial serum cardiac biomarker levels, ST-segment depression on presenting electrocardiogram, and not having a percutaneous coronary intervention performed in hospital. The c statistics for the development and validation cohorts were 0.81 and 0.75, respectively. The GRACE 6-month postdischarge prediction model is a simple, robust tool for predicting mortality in patients with ACS. Clinicians may find it simple to use and applicable to clinical practice.
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              Chronic kidney disease as a coronary artery disease risk equivalent.

              Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and a higher CVD event rate. Substantial data from prospective cohort studies support the concept that dialysis patients as well as those with advanced stage (stages 3-5) CKD are associated with an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) increases exponentially with declining kidney function, i.e., stage 3 or higher CKD. Indeed, CVD accounts for more than 50 % of deaths in patients with CKD. CKD patients are more likely to die of CVD than to progress to end stage kidney disease. This increase in CV risk is commonly attributed to co-existence of numerous traditional and nontraditional risk factors for the development of CVD that frequently accompany reduced kidney function. Therefore, CKD itself is now considered an independent CVD risk factor and a coronary artery disease (CAD) equivalent for all-cause mortality. All patients at risk for CAD should be evaluated for kidney disease. Treatments used for management of established CAD might have similar benefits for patients with concomitant CKD.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                mdc
                Medicentro Electrónica
                Medicentro Electrónica
                Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara (Santa Clara, , Cuba )
                1029-3043
                March 2020
                : 24
                : 1
                : 85-105
                Affiliations
                [2] Sagua la Grande Villa Clara orgnameUniversitario Mártires del 9 de Abril Cuba
                [3] Santa Clara Villa Clara orgnameHospital Pediátrico Universitario José Luis Miranda Cuba
                [1] Santa Clara Villa Clar orgnameHospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico Arnaldo Milián Castro Cuba
                Article
                S1029-30432020000100085 S1029-3043(20)02400100085
                cf326689-10ef-4b63-bbf3-b5bf6383ec08

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 December 2019
                : 04 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 21
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                síndrome coronario agudo,insuficiencia renal crónica,renal insufficiency, chronic,acute coronary syndrome,risk factors,factores de riesgo

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