3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Conducción nerviosa en niños con insuficiencia renal crónica

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          La polineuropatía urémica es la complicación neurológica más frecuente de la insuficiencia renal crónica, y son insuficientemente conocidos su prevalencia, síntomas y patrones neurofisiológicos de expresión en la población pediátrica. Es por ello que se estudiaron 23 pacientes en edades comprendidas entre 7 y 21 años, con insuficiencia renal crónica en sus diferentes grados y 23 niños supuestamente sanos, buscando la presencia de neuropatía periférica clínica o subclínica. Se realizó examen físico general y neurológico, así como la medición de las velocidades de conducción motora y sensitiva. Los síntomas predominantes fueron el dolor a la marcha (55,5 %) y las parestesias (44,4 %), y fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de pacientes dialíticodependientes. La función nerviosa periférica estuvo alterada en todos los grupos estudiados, y existió correlación significativa entre la velocidad de conducción sensitiva y los valores medios de urea, creatinina y filtrado glomerular. Se hallaron diferencias significativas entre las medias de la velocidad de conducción sensitiva de los niños de los grupos predialítico, dialíticodependiente y el grupo control, y entre los grupos predialítico y con transplante renal no existieron diferencias significativas.

          Translated abstract

          Uremic polyneuropathy is the most frequent neurological complication of the chronic renal failure but its prevalence, symptoms and neurophysiological patterns of expression in the pediatric population are not well known. This is the reason why 23 patients aged 7-21 years with chronic renal failure at different stages and 23 supposedly healthy children were studied to look for clinical or subclinical peripheral neuropathy. General physical and neurological exams were made and sensory and motor conduction velocities were measured. The prevailing symptoms were pain on walking(55,5%) and paresthesias (44,4%) mainly found in dialysis-dependent patients. All the studied groups showed disturbed peripheral nerve function whereas correlation between sensory conduction rate and mean values of urea, creatinine and glomerural filtrate was significant. Also, significant differences between mean values of sensory conduction velocity of pre-dialysis and dialysis-dependent groups and the control group but there was no significant difference between pre-dialysis and renal transplanted groups. Subject headings

          Related collections

          Most cited references20

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Paradoxical heat sensation in uremic polyneuropathy.

          Sensory aspects of uremic neuropathy were studied in 36 patients using clinical assessment and quantitative sensory tests (QST). The outstanding abnormality in sensory quality was perception of heat in response to low temperature stimuli. This paradoxical heat sensation was found in the foot in 42% (15) of patients, far beyond the normal prevalence of 10%. Paradoxical sensation was positively related to cold hypoesthesia (P = 0.0004) suggesting disinhibition as a possible mechanism. Paradoxical heat sensation also positively related to creatinine level (P = 0.0012). Pruritus was present in 20 patients (56%), intensity not related to any biochemical or clinical parameter. Signs of sensory polyneuropathy (PNP), based on at least two abnormal parameters in the clinical assessment or QST, were found in 39% of patients (14), of whom 11 had paradoxical heat sensation. Thus, in 4 patients (11%), this sensory aberration preceded other signs for PNP. Paradoxical heat sensation seems to be a common and often early expression of the sensory neuropathy in uremia.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Peripheral nerve function in children with end-stage renal failure.

            Information on clinical and subclinical peripheral neuropathy in children with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) is scarce. We have studied the presence of clinical and subclinical peripheral neuropathy in children with ESRF comparing recently developed non-invasive methods with the measurement of nerve conduction velocities. Twelve children (7 boys, 5 girls; age range: 5-17 years; duration of haemodialysis: 0.5-60 months) participated. Thermal discrimination threshold (TDT) and vibration perception threshold (VPT) were determined twice before and after haemodialysis in each patient. Peroneal nerve conduction velocity was determined once before haemodialysis. No clinical or subclinical peripheral neuropathy was observed in any of the children. Except for two slightly increased TDT values after haemodialysis all results were within the normal range. No correlation was found with age or duration of haemodialysis and no association was found between the three methods. VPT values showed a significant improvement after haemodialysis treatment, although all VPT values were in the normal range. This suggests that haemodialysis has an influence on cutaneous sensation, but further study is needed to confirm this observation. Longitudinal investigations will be necessary to evaluate whether TDT and VPT determinations can be used for early screening of clinical and subclinical neuropathy in children with ESRF.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The function of large and small nerve fibers in renal failure.

              Previous clinical and neurophysiological studies of uremic neuropathy have focused almost exclusively on the function of large sensory and motor axons. The sensations of heat and cold depend on the function of unmyelinated afferents and small myelinated afferents, respectively, and these sensations can be quantified using a standardized psychophysical technique. Thermal thresholds were measured in 20 patients with end-stage renal failure to determine the extent of small afferent fiber involvement and to compare this with the clinical and electrophysiological evidence of large fiber involvement. Whereas abnormalities of standard nerve conduction studies were found in 16 patients, abnormal thermal thresholds were found in only 6 patients. In the nerve conduction studies, the amplitudes of nerve potentials were reduced more than their conduction velocities, consistent with an axonopathy. This study found little evidence of significant dysfunction of small afferent fibers in end-stage renal failure and, when such changes occurred, they did not correlate with the clinical evidence of polyneuropathy. The functional sparing of axons of small diameter is consistent with the relative sparing of these axons in pathological studies.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ped
                Revista Cubana de Pediatría
                Rev Cubana Pediatr
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana )
                1561-3119
                June 2002
                : 74
                : 2
                : 115-121
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Centro Habana Cuba
                [2 ] Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Hermanos Amejeiras Cuba
                [3 ] UATS Nacional, MINSAP.
                Article
                S0034-75312002000200003
                d021c9bc-88a2-4325-b04b-eb17814443c5

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7531&lng=en
                Categories
                PEDIATRICS

                Pediatrics
                POLYNEUROPATHIES,KIDNEY FAILURE,CHRONIC,NEURAL CONDUCTION,UREMIA,CHILD,POLINEUROPATIA,INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRONICA,CONDUCCION NEURAL,NIÑO

                Comments

                Comment on this article