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      Effects of Haemonchus contortus infection on sodium status of sheep Translated title: Efeitos da infecção de Haemonchus contortus sobre o status de sódio em ovinos

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          Abstract

          Eight five-month-old male lambs received a diet with marginal levels of sodium (0.5 g Na/kg DM); four lambs were given a single dose of infective Haemonchus contortus larvae (4,600 L3/ head) and four were kept uninfected. The lambs were slaughtered 30 days after the infection. Sodium concentration was determined in the abomasal fluid at the slaughter. The balance between intake and faecal excretion of sodium was evaluated. Saliva was collected at days zero, 20 and 30 to determine the Na:K ratio. The mean total worm burden retrieved was 1390. The infection increased abomasal sodium concentration (p< 0.001) and reduced faecal sodium excretion (p<0.02), but there was not a significant relationship between worm burden and abomasal (p >0.082) or faecal sodium excretion (p>0.5). The higher the abomasum sodium concentration, the lower the faecal sodium excretion (p < 0.001). Apparent digestibility of sodium was similar between infected and uninfected. At the end of the experiment a slight decrease in the salivary Na:K ratio was observed, in animals of both groups, caused mostly by diet rather than the parasitism. It was concluded that although H. contortus infection increased the loss of sodium into the abomasum there was a greater compensatory intestinal absorption to prevent a significant change in the sodium status of sheep.

          Translated abstract

          Oito cordeiros machos, com cinco meses de idade, receberam uma dieta com teores marginais de sódio (0,5 g Na/kg); quatro ovinos foram infectados com uma única dose de 4.600 L3/cordeiro de Haemonchus contortus e quatro foram mantidos como controles, não infestados. Todos os animais foram sacrificados 30 dias após a infecção. O teor de sódio foi determinado no fluido abomasal. Foi estudado o balanço entre a ingestão e a excreção de sódio fecal. A relação Na:K foi determinada em saliva colhida nos seguintes dias do experimento: zero, 20 e 30. A carga parasitária média foi de 1390 vermes. A infecção aumentou o teor de sódio no conteúdo abomasal (p< 0,001) e reduziu a excreção de sódio fecal (p < 0,02), porém não ocorreu uma relação significativa entre a carga parasitária e as concentrações de sódio abomasal (p>0,082) ou fecal (p >0,5). Quanto maior o teor abomasal de sódio, menor foi a excreção fecal de sódio (p<0,001). A digestibilidade aparente do sódio foi similar entre os grupos infestado ou não. Foi constatada uma pequena diminuição na relação Na:K salivar, em todos os animais, ao término do experimento, causada pela dieta marginal de sódio e não pelo parasitismo. Foi concluído que, embora a infestação por H. contortus promovesse uma perda expressiva de sódio no abomaso, existiu, em seguida, uma maior absorção intestinal compensatória para prevenir que ocorresse um estado de deficiência desse macroelemento nos ovinos.

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          Most cited references8

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          The prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in nematode parasites of sheep in southern Latin America: general overview.

          South America has a large population of small ruminants. Currents estimates are approximately 100 million sheep and 23 million goats. A large percentage of these flocks are raised in the humid tropics/sub-tropics. Nematode parasitism is singly the most important disease of these animals and typically farmers resort to frequent anthelmintic treatment in attempts to control this problem. Because of this reliance on drugs, price consideration is an important determinant in a farmer's choice of anthelmintic. In some circumstances, this has led to unethical practices of drug adulteration and substitution, or the offering to farmers of cheap, sub-standard generic products. The prevalence of anthelmintic resistance has not been investigated in any widespread sense in South America, although some of the first reports of resistance were made in southern Brazil almost 30 years ago. The following series of papers outline surveys conducted in the humid topics/sub-tropics of southern Latin America to assess the significance of resistance to the broad-spectrum anthelmintic groups in nematode parasites of sheep flocks.
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            Assessment of sodium requirements of grazing beef cattle: a review.

            J G Morris (1980)
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              Comparison of saline incubation and pepsin digestion as methods for recovering Ostertagia circumcincta larvae from the abomasum of sheep.

              Incubation in saline at 37 degrees C was compared with pepsin digestion as a quantitative method for recovering larval stages of Ostertagia circumcincta from the abomasal mucosa of sheep. Experiments showed that the techniques were of roughly similar efficiency even when the larvae were arrested but that the saline method was preferable because worm searching was easier and quicker.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria )
                1678-4596
                June 2000
                : 30
                : 3
                : 521-523
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0103-84782000000300026
                10.1590/S0103-84782000000300026
                d1237106-3210-4d36-bc9a-c06d23da4d11

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-8478&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                Haemonchus contortus,infection,sheepj,sodium,balance,deficiency,infecção,ovinos,sódio,balanço,deficiência

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