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      Les pratiques de recherche ouvertes en psychologie Translated title: Open research practices in psychology

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          Abstract

          Cet article vise à offrir une vision d’ensemble des récentes évolutions des pratiques de recherche en psychologie. Un rappel des différents symptômes de la crise de la réplicabilité (et de confiance) ayant affecté la psychologie sera suivi par une discussion approfondie et nuancée des facteurs responsables de cette situation. Il s’agira ensuite, en s’appuyant sur des illustrations et des ressources, de démontrer le rôle crucial des pratiques de recherche ouvertes comme moyen de résoudre ces difficultés. La connaissance et l’adoption de ces pratiques de recherche popularisées par le mouvement de la science ouverte sont indispensables afin de contribuer, via la transparence et l’ouverture, à l’effort collectif d’amélioration de la fiabilité et de la réplicabilité des résultats en psychologie.

          Translated abstract

          This article aims to provide an overview of the recent developments of research practices in psychology. A review of the different symptoms of the crisis of replicability (and of confidence) that affected psychology will be followed by an in-depth and nuanced discussion of the factors responsible for this situation. Then, the next step will be to demonstrate, using illustrations and resources, the crucial role of open research practices to address these challenges. Knowledge and adoption of these research practices popularized by the open science movement are essential to contribute, through transparency and openness, to the collective effort to improve the reliability and replicability of psychological results.

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          PSYCHOLOGY. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science.

          Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.
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            Bayesian inference for psychology. Part II: Example applications with JASP

            Bayesian hypothesis testing presents an attractive alternative to p value hypothesis testing. Part I of this series outlined several advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing, including the ability to quantify evidence and the ability to monitor and update this evidence as data come in, without the need to know the intention with which the data were collected. Despite these and other practical advantages, Bayesian hypothesis tests are still reported relatively rarely. An important impediment to the widespread adoption of Bayesian tests is arguably the lack of user-friendly software for the run-of-the-mill statistical problems that confront psychologists for the analysis of almost every experiment: the t-test, ANOVA, correlation, regression, and contingency tables. In Part II of this series we introduce JASP (http://www.jasp-stats.org), an open-source, cross-platform, user-friendly graphical software package that allows users to carry out Bayesian hypothesis tests for standard statistical problems. JASP is based in part on the Bayesian analyses implemented in Morey and Rouder’s BayesFactor package for R. Armed with JASP, the practical advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing are only a mouse click away.
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              One Hundred Years of Social Psychology Quantitatively Described.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Psychologie Franc¸aise
                Société Française de Psychologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
                0033-2984
                1873-7277
                7 October 2020
                7 October 2020
                Affiliations
                [0005]Laboratoire parisien de psychologie sociale, UPL, université Paris Nanterre, 200, avenue de la République, 92100 Nanterre, France
                Article
                S0033-2984(20)30043-1
                10.1016/j.psfr.2020.09.001
                7540208
                d163a871-1d8e-4356-b15f-71cafa658e6c
                © 2020 Société Française de Psychologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 20 July 2019
                : 9 September 2020
                Categories
                Article Original

                science ouverte,méthodologie,transparence,réplicabilité,pré-enregistrement,open science,methodology,transparency,replicability,pre-registration

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