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      Point-of-care ultrasonography in nephrology: a cross-sectional national survey among Brazilian nephrologists Translated title: Ultrassonografia point-of-care em nefrologia: uma pesquisa nacional transversal entre nefrologistas brasileiros

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          Abstract

          Introduction:

          Point-of-care ultrasonography (US) (POCUS) has been used in several specialties, particularly in medical emergency. Despite the confirmation of its numerous benefits, the use of POCUS is still timid in nephrology. In the present study, we aim to investigate the use of POCUS by Brazilian nephrologists.

          Methods:

          A survey carried out among the members of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, through institutional e-mail, using the SurveyMonkey platform. We included 12 self-administered questions, which answers were given anonymously.

          Results:

          It was evident that the majority (64%) of the participants did not have the opportunity to practice US during their nephrological training in their residency, specialization, or even in internships; those with experience with US use the method mainly for implanting central vascular accesses (68%), performing a renal biopsy (58%) and evaluating renal morphology (50%); and the main barriers for nephrologists who do not yet use US are the high price of US machines (26%) and the lack of time to learn about US (23%). Also, POCUS use for examinations of other organs, such as the lung (31%) and heart (18%), which are fundamental in the cardiovascular and volume assessment of patients with kidney diseases, is even more limited. However, 95% of the participants expressed an interest in learning POCUS for use in their medical practice.

          Conclusion:

          Most of the Brazilian nephrologists interviewed were not trained in US; however, almost all of the research participants expressed an interest in learning to use POCUS in nephrological practice.

          Resumo

          Introdução:

          A ultrassonografia (US) pointof-care (POCUS) tem sido utilizada emvárias especialidades, particularmente na urgência médica. Apesar da constatação de seus numerosos benefícios, a utilização da POCUS ainda é tímida na nefrologia. No presente estudo, objetivamos fazer um levantamento sobre a utilização da POCUS pelos nefrologistas brasileiros.

          Métodos:

          Levantamento realizado entre os sócios da Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia, por meio do e-mail institucional, utilizando a plataforma SurveyMonkey. Foram incluídas 12 perguntas autoadministradas, cujas respostas se deram de forma anônima.

          Resultados:

          Ficou evidente que a maioria (64%) dos participantes não teve oportunidade de praticar a US durante sua formação nefrológica na residência, especialização ou mesmo em estágios; que aqueles com experiência com a US usam o método, principalmente, para implantação de acesso vascular central (68%), realização de biópsia renal (58%) e avaliação da morfologia renal (50%); e que as principais barreiras para os nefrologistas que ainda não utilizam a US são o preço elevado das máquinas de US (26%) e a falta de tempo para aprender sobre US (23%). Além disso, o uso da POCUS para exames de outros órgãos, como pulmão (31%) e coração (18%), fundamentais na avaliação cardiovascular e volêmica dos pacientes com doenças renais, ainda é mais limitado. Porém, 95% dos participantes expressaram interesse em aprender a POCUS para aplicação na sua prática médica.

          Conclusão:

          A maioria dos nefrologistas brasileiros entrevistados não foi treinada em US, contudo, a quase totalidade dos participantes da pesquisa manifestou interesse em aprender a utilizar a POCUS na prática nefrológica.

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          Most cited references27

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Point-of-care ultrasonography.

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            • Article: not found

            Ultrasonic locating devices for central venous cannulation: meta-analysis.

            To assess the evidence for the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound guided central venous cannulation. 15 electronic bibliographic databases, covering biomedical, science, social science, health economics, and grey literature. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Populations Patients scheduled for central venous access. INTERVENTION REVIEWED: Guidance using real time two dimensional ultrasonography or Doppler needles and probes compared with the anatomical landmark method of cannulation. Risk of failed catheter placement (primary outcome), risk of complications from placement, risk of failure on first attempt at placement, number of attempts to successful catheterisation, and time (seconds) to successful catheterisation. 18 trials (1646 participants) were identified. Compared with the landmark method, real time two dimensional ultrasound guidance for cannulating the internal jugular vein in adults was associated with a significantly lower failure rate both overall (relative risk 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.33) and on the first attempt (0.59, 0.39 to 0.88). Limited evidence favoured two dimensional ultrasound guidance for subclavian vein and femoral vein procedures in adults (0.14, 0.04 to 0.57 and 0.29, 0.07 to 1.21, respectively). Three studies in infants confirmed a higher success rate with two dimensional ultrasonography for internal jugular procedures (0.15, 0.03 to 0.64). Doppler guided cannulation of the internal jugular vein in adults was more successful than the landmark method (0.39, 0.17 to 0.92), but the landmark method was more successful for subclavian vein procedures (1.48, 1.03 to 2.14). No significant difference was found between these techniques for cannulation of the internal jugular vein in infants. An indirect comparison of relative risks suggested that two dimensional ultrasonography would be more successful than Doppler guidance for subclavian vein procedures in adults (0.09, 0.02 to 0.38). Evidence supports the use of two dimensional ultrasonography for central venous cannulation.
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              Point-of-care ultrasonography for the diagnosis of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema in patients presenting with acute dyspnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

              Acute dyspnea is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department (ED), and point-of-care (POC) lung ultrasound (US) has shown promise as a diagnostic tool in this setting. The primary objective of this systematic review was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of US using B-lines in diagnosing acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) in patients presenting to the ED with acute dyspnea.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Bras Nefrol
                J Bras Nefrol
                jbn
                Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia
                Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia
                0101-2800
                2175-8239
                05 October 2020
                Jan-Mar 2021
                : 43
                : 1
                : 68-73
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.
                [2 ]Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena, Barbacena, MG, Brasil.
                [3 ]Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
                [4 ]Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
                [5 ]Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Marcus G. Bastos. E-mail: marcusbastos7@ 123456gmail.com

                Authors’ Contributions

                Marcus G. Bastos, Elvino Barros, Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn: study design and conception. Marcus G. Bastos, Ana Luisa Vieira, Marcelo Mazza do Nascimento, Elvino Barros, José Muniz Pazeli Jr., Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn: data analysis and interpretation. Marcus G. Bastos: writing the paper. Ana Luisa Vieira, Marcelo Mazza do Nascimento, Elvino Barros, José Muniz Pazeli Jr., Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn: critical review of the manuscript. Marcus G. Bastos, Ana Luisa Vieira, Marcelo Mazza do Nascimento, Elvino Barros, José Muniz Pazeli Jr., Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn: final paper approval.

                Conflict of Interest

                The authors declare to have no conflict of interest concerning the publication of this manuscript.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3651-9923
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-5091
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2876-2923
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-8174
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-9887
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-4109
                Article
                10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2020-0023
                8061953
                33022029
                d1dd0047-9282-498e-94e8-ae49b398c51e

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 05 February 2020
                : 26 July 2020
                Categories
                Original Article

                ultrasonography,nephrology,ultrasonics,education,mentoring,research,ultrassonografia,nefrologia,ultrassom,educação,tutoria,pesquisa.

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