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      Effect of Culture Medium in Callogenesis from Adult Walnut Leaves (Juglans regia L.) Translated title: Efecto del Medio de Cultivo en la Callogénesis de Nogal (Juglans regia L.) a Partir de Hojas Adultas

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          Abstract

          To define preliminary aspects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) callogenesis in indirect propagation systems, this work analyzed callogenic induction in adult leaves of walnut in broadleaf trees (BTM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) Driver Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) and Woody Plant (WPM) media. Leaf segments of 1 cm², previously sterilized, were placed in each culture medium, supplemented with 21.4 µM naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) and 8.8 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). A completely random design was used; the experimental unit was a Petri dish with six callus explants. Each treatment was composed of seven Petri dishes. Callogenesis (%), nodular calli (%) and histology of calli explants were evaluated at 4 weeks by staining 10 µm slices with safranine-fastgreen. There were no significant differences (α = 0.05) in callogenesis among evaluated media; but nodular calli percentages were significantly higher in BTM (75%) and WPM (63%). Only in calli obtained in the BTM medium did the histology show the presence of meristematic zones, but without external expression. These results indicate that the medium influences the morphogenic characteristics of resultant callus. Calli produced in BTM presented better morphogenic potential, with meristems at primary stages of organization.

          Translated abstract

          Con el objeto de definir aspectos preliminares de la callogénesis de nogal(Juglans regia L.), para establecer, sistemas de propagación vegetativa vía indirecta, este trabajo analizó la inducción callogénica en hojas adultas de nogal, utilizando los medios de cultivo broadleaves tree (BTM), Murashige y Skoog (MS), Driver Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) y Woody Plant (WPM). Se utilizaron segmentos foliares de 1 cm² previamente esterilizados fueron dispuestos en cada medio de cultivo suplementado con 21,4 µM de ácido naftalén acético (ANA) y 8,8 µM de 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorio, la unidad experimental correspondió a una placa Petri con seis segmentos foliares. Cada tratamiento estuvo compuesto por siete repeticiones. A las 4 semanas de cultivo se evaluó la callogénesis (%), callos nodulares (%), e histología de macizos callosos, para los que se obtuvieron cortes de 10 µm a los cuales se realizó tinción con safranina-fastgreen. No se registraron diferencias significativas en la inducción de callogénesis entre los medios evaluados (α = 0,05); pero el porcentaje de callos nodulares fue significativamente mayor en los medios BTM (75%) y WPM (63%). Sólo en el medio BTM, la histología mostró presencia de zonas meristemáticas en el interior del macizo, sin que se observara expresión externa de dichas formaciones. Estos resultados indican que el medio de cultivo influye en las características morfogénicas del callo resultante, siendo los callos inducidos en el medio BTM los de mayor potencial morfogénico, al observarse meristemoides en sus primeros estadíos de organización.

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          Plant Microtechnique

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            Proliferation, maturation and germination of Castanea sativa Mill. Somatic embryos originated from leaf explants.

            Experiments were performed to determine the influence of proliferation medium on the maintenance of embryogenic competence and on repetitive embryogenesis in Castanea sativa Mill. somatic embryos derived from leaf explants. Somatic embryo proliferation was carried out by both direct secondary embryogenesis and by the culture of nodular callus tissue originated from cotyledons of somatic embryos. Both systems led to the production of cotyledonary somatic embryos on Murashige and Skoog proliferation medium supplemented with 0.1 mg l-1 benzyladenine and 0.1 mg l-1 naphthaleneacetic acid. Carbon source and concentration had a marked influence on maturation and subsequent germination ability of chestnut somatic embryos. Plantlet conversion was achieved in embryos matured on media with 6 % sucrose, and on 3 or 6 % maltose, whereas mean shoot length, root length and leaf number of produced plants were not significantly affected by these maturation media. Overall, the best results were obtained with 3 % maltose-matured somatic embryos, giving rise to 6 % plant recovery in addition to 33 % of embryos exhibiting only shoot development. The application of a 2-month cold treatment at 4 degrees C to somatic embryos matured on medium with 3 % maltose was necessary for achieving plant conversion, while partial desiccation did not appear to influence this response. A total of 39 % of embryos eventually produced plants either through conversion to plantlets or indirectly through rooting of shoots. Shoots formed by somatic embryos could be excised, multiplied and rooted following the micropropagation procedures previously developed for chestnut.
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              Biological functions of antioxidants in plant transformation

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                chiljar
                Chilean journal of agricultural research
                Chil. j. agric. res.
                Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA (Chillán, , Chile )
                0718-5839
                September 2009
                : 69
                : 3
                : 460-467
                Affiliations
                [01] Concepción orgnameUniversidad de Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Forestales orgdiv2Centro de Biotecnología Chile faaviles@ 123456udec.cl
                Article
                S0718-58392009000300020 S0718-5839(09)06900300020
                10.4067/S0718-58392009000300020
                d22d40d4-19ba-4ff2-a9e8-8bc007c3eaf9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 January 2009
                : 06 October 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                SCIENTIFIC NOTES

                citoquininas,hojas,leaves,callus,walnut,citoquinines,auxins,callo,nogal,auxinas
                citoquininas, hojas, leaves, callus, walnut, citoquinines, auxins, callo, nogal, auxinas

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