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      Associations of psychological inflexibility with posttraumatic stress disorder and adherence to COVID-19 control measures among refugees in Uganda: The moderating role of coping strategies

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          Abstract

          Refugees are vulnerable to developing mental health problems. The unprecedented appearance and rapid spread of COVID-19 exacerbated this vulnerability, especially in low-income countries where refugees survive on humanitarian aid and live in congested settlements. These appalling living conditions are a stressor, making adherence to COVID-19 control measures impractical and an additional psychological strain for refugees. The present study examined how psychological inflexibility is associated with adherence to COVID-19 control measures. A sample of 352 refugees from Kampala City and Bidibidi settlements were recruited. Refugees with high levels of psychological inflexibility reported higher PTSD symptom severity and low adherence to COVID-19 control measures. Moreover, PTSD severity mediated the association between psychological inflexibility and adherence, while avoidance coping moderated both direct and indirect effects. Interventions for reducing psychological inflexibility and avoidance coping may be essential in boosting adherence to measures relevant to the current and future status of the pandemic, along with other crises that refugees face.

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          Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses.

          Franz Faul, Edgar Erdfelder, Axel Buchner … (2009)
          G*Power is a free power analysis program for a variety of statistical tests. We present extensions and improvements of the version introduced by Faul, Erdfelder, Lang, and Buchner (2007) in the domain of correlation and regression analyses. In the new version, we have added procedures to analyze the power of tests based on (1) single-sample tetrachoric correlations, (2) comparisons of dependent correlations, (3) bivariate linear regression, (4) multiple linear regression based on the random predictor model, (5) logistic regression, and (6) Poisson regression. We describe these new features and provide a brief introduction to their scope and handling.
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            Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research

            R W Brislin (1970)
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              You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE.

              Charles S. Carver (1997)
              Studies of coping in applied settings often confront the need to minimize time demands on participants. The problem of participant response burden is exacerbated further by the fact that these studies typically are designed to test multiple hypotheses with the same sample, a strategy that entails the use of many time-consuming measures. Such research would benefit from a brief measure of coping assessing several responses known to be relevant to effective and ineffective coping. This article presents such a brief form of a previously published measure called the COPE inventory (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989), which has proven to be useful in health-related research. The Brief COPE omits two scales of the full COPE, reduces others to two items per scale, and adds one scale. Psychometric properties of the Brief COPE are reported, derived from a sample of adults participating in a study of the process of recovery after Hurricane Andrew.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Contextual Behav Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Contextual Behav Sci
                Title: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science
                Publisher: Association for Contextual Behavioral Science. Published by Elsevier Inc.
                ISSN (Print): 2212-1447
                ISSN (Electronic): 2212-1455
                Publication date PMC-release: 6 May 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 May 2023
                Affiliations
                [a ]Makerere University, School of Psychology, Uganda
                [b ]Makerere University, Research and Innovations Fund (Mak-RIF) Secretariat, Uganda
                [c ]Ministry of Public Service, Government of Uganda, Uganda
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. P.O Box, 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2212-1447(23)00047-9
                DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2023.05.002
                PMC ID: 10163792
                PubMed ID: 37197224
                SO-VID: d327a8f5-83ec-462f-8f60-a8d32c55dd82
                Copyright © © 2023 Association for Contextual Behavioral Science. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 28 July 2022
                Date revision received : 26 April 2023
                Date accepted : 5 May 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: adherence,approach coping,avoidant coping,covid-19,posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) symptoms,psychological inflexibility,refugees
                Data availability:
                Keywords: adherence, approach coping, avoidant coping, covid-19, posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) symptoms, psychological inflexibility, refugees

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