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      Lentes intraoculares plegables y astigmatismo posquirúrgico en la catarata pediátrica Translated title: Foldable intraocular lenses and postsurgical astigmatism in pediatric cataract

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: determinar el astigmatismo posquirúrgico en pacientes con diagnóstico de catarata pediátrica operados y con implante de lente intraocular plegable. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en 20 pacientes (28 ojos) entre 2 y 14 años de edad, operados de enero de 2008 a septiembre de 2010 en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". Se excluyeron los pacientes que presentaban alteraciones corneales. Se realizó lensectomía con capsulotomía posterior y vitrectomía anterior. Se implantó lente de acrílico hidrofóbico e hidrofílico plegable. Resultados: el 55 % de los pacientes tenían entre 5 a 8 años de edad (promedio 5,7 años). El tipo de catarata más frecuente fue la congénita (85 %). La agudeza visual preoperatoria en el 60,7 % de los casos era inferior a 0,3, a los 4 meses de operados 32,1 % tenían más de 0,9 y al año 35,7 % alcanzó más de 0,9 y 28,6 % entre 0,3 y 0,6. El astigmatismo antes de la cirugía en 32,2 % estaba entre 0,5 y 1,5, a los 4 meses y al año fue entre 0,5 y 1,5 en 35,7 %. Conclusiones: el astigmatismo no sufrió variaciones con la realización de este tipo de cirugía. Una estrategia quirúrgica personalizada permite una mejor recuperación anatómica y funcional en estos pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: to determine the postsurgical astigmatism in patients operated on from pediatric cataract and with foldable intraocular lens implantation. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 20 patients (28 eyes) between 2 and 14 years of age, who were operated on in the period of January 2008 through September 2010 at "Ramon Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology. Some patients were excluded if they presented corneal alterations. Lensectomy, posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy were performed; hydrophobic and hydrophilic acrylic lenses were implanted. Results: fifty five percent of patients were 5 to 8 years of age (average of 5.7 years). The more frequent type of cataract was the congenital (85%). The initial visual acuity in 60.7 % of cases was below 0.3; four months after surgery, 32.1 % reached over 0.9 and after a year 35.7 % reached more than 0.9, and 28.6 % from 0.3 to 0.6. The astigmatism before the surgery in 32.2 % of cases ranged 0.5 to 1.5, but four months and one year after surgery, it was 0.5 to 1.5 in 35.7 % of patients. Conclusions: astigmatism did not vary with the performance of this type of surgery. A personalized surgical strategy allows achieving better anatomical and functional recovery of these patients.

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          Surgically induced astigmatism after superotemporal and superonasal clear corneal incisions in phacoemulsification.

          To evaluate surgically induced corneal astigmatism after small superotemporal and superonasal clear corneal incision cataract surgery. Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyon, Turkey. This prospective study comprised 56 eyes of 28 patients who had bilateral phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) through a corneal tunnel incision. A superotemporal incision was used in all right eyes, and a superonasal incision was used in all left eyes. Topography was performed preoperatively and at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 year. Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was calculated by vector analyses using the Holladay-Cravy-Koch method. The incision length was measured and was between 3.30 mm and 3.50 mm in all eyes. Although SIA did not differ significantly between the 2 incision groups (P>.05), decomposition of vectors showed that the horizontal component of SIA after superonasal incision was statistically significantly higher than superotemporal incision throughout the study (P .05). There was no statistically significant difference in SIA between superotemporal incisions in the right eyes and superonasal incisions in the left eyes 1 year after surgery for a surgeon who sits at the 12 o'clock. Superonasal clear corneal incisions can be used in left eyes and superotemporal clear corneal incisions in right eyes.
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            Oftalmología Pediátrica

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              Astigmatism after small-incision clear corneal cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in children.

              To investigate the magnitude of postoperative astigmatism in children having cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation through a 3.0 mm superior clear corneal incision. Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. This retrospective chart review comprised all pediatric patients having cataract surgery with IOL implantation through a 3.0 mm clear corneal incision from 1997 to 2002. One hundred two eyes of 75 patients were included. All refractions were performed manually by an experienced pediatric ophthalmologist. The mean postoperative retinoscopic cylinder in all patients was 0.63 diopter (D) (range 0.0 to 4.50 D) at 1 month, 0.40 D (range 0.0 to 1.75 D) at 6 months, and 0.51 D (range 0.0 to 2.50 D) at 1 year. Patients aged 0 to 36 months at the time of surgery had a mean postoperative cylinder of 0.22 D at 1 month, 0.03 D at 6 months, and 0.21 D at 1 year. Patients between 36 months and 6 years of age at surgery had a mean refractive cylinder of 0.50 D, 0.38 D, and 0.75 D, respectively. Patients older than 6 years at surgery had a mean refractive cylinder of 0.94 D, 0.75 D, and 0.76 D, respectively. Small-incision clear corneal cataract extraction with IOL implantation in children led to minimal postoperative astigmatism that remained stable over time. Less astigmatism was observed in children having surgery before they were 36 months old.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                oft
                Revista Cubana de Oftalmología
                Rev Cubana Oftalmol
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana )
                1561-3070
                2013
                : 26
                : suppl 1
                : 345-352
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Cubano de Oftalmolgoía Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuba
                Article
                S0864-21762013000400002
                d42265c7-8066-47f1-83e2-c9150db2dc86

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0864-2176&lng=en
                Categories
                OPHTHALMOLOGY

                Ophthalmology & Optometry
                astigmatism,congenital cataract,lensectomy,foldable intraocular lens,astigmatismo,catarata congénita,lensectomía,lente intraocular plegable

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