Assessing the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with PCOS in Iran: a field trial study

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Abstract

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder among adolescents and adults. Given the importance of healthy nutritional behaviors in management of this disease, the present study was conducted to determine the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods

In this field trial study, 72 participants aged between 15 and 21 years old from four gynecology clinics in Shiraz, Iran, were assigned into the intervention and control groups. Educational intervention program was implemented based on the theory of planned behavior over 4 sessions during two weeks. The data collection tools were researcher-made questionnaires of demographic information, knowledge assessment, and assessment of theory of planned behavior constructs, as well as a questionnaire for assessing consumption of food groups, fast food, and snacks. The data were collected at two stages (once at baseline and once three months after the intervention), and then the changes in knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, the perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and nutritional behavior were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (t-test, Chi-square, Mann- Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests; as well as one- way ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, and ANCOVA, respectively).

Results

Statistically significant increases were observed in the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, the perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and nutritional behavior in the intervention group by passing three months from the intervention compared to the scores before the intervention ( P < 0.001). However, these differences were not statistically significant in the control group ( P > 0.05). Moreover, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and nutritional behavior had no statistically significant difference before the intervention between the two groups; however, this was statistically significant by passing three months from the intervention ( P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Considering the effect of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on creating healthy nutritional behaviors in adolescents and young adults with polycystic ovary syndrome, it is recommended to use it in order to improve the nutritional health of them.

Trial registration: IRCT, IRCT20160224026756N6. Registered 18 Aug 2018, https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/32693/view

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Most cited references 32

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Theories of behaviour and behaviour change across the social and behavioural sciences: a scoping review

Rachel Davis, Rona Campbell, Zoe Hildon … (2014)

Interventions to change health-related behaviours typically have modest effects and may be more effective if grounded in appropriate theory. Most theories applied to public health interventions tend to emphasise individual capabilities and motivation, with limited reference to context and social factors. Intervention effectiveness may be increased by drawing on a wider range of theories incorporating social, cultural and economic factors that influence behaviour. The primary aim of this paper is to identify theories of behaviour and behaviour change of potential relevance to public health interventions across four scientific disciplines: psychology, sociology, anthropology and economics. We report in detail the methodology of our scoping review used to identify these theories including which involved a systematic search of electronic databases, consultation with a multidisciplinary advisory group, web searching, searching of reference lists and hand searching of key behavioural science journals. Of secondary interest we developed a list of agreed criteria for judging the quality of the theories. We identified 82 theories and 9 criteria for assessing theory quality. The potential relevance of this wide-ranging number of theories to public health interventions and the ease and usefulness of evaluating the theories in terms of the quality criteria are however yet to be determined.

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Understanding variation in prevalence estimates of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Marina A Skiba, Rakibul Islam, Robin Bell … (2018)

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The impact of a school-based nutrition education intervention on dietary intake and cognitive and attitudinal variables relating to fruits and vegetables.

AS Anderson, LEG Porteous, E. Foster … (2005)

To assess the impact of a school-based nutrition education intervention aimed at increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables. The intervention programme increased the provision of fruits and vegetables in schools and provided a range of point-of-purchase marketing materials, newsletters for children and parents, and teacher information. Curriculum materials at age 6-7 and 10-11 years were also developed and utilised. Evaluation was undertaken with groups of younger (aged 6-7 years) and older (aged 10-11 years) children. Methods included 3-day dietary records with interview and cognitive and attitudinal measures at baseline, with follow-up at 9 months, in intervention and control schools. The work was undertaken in primary schools in Dundee, Scotland. Subjects comprised 511 children in two intervention schools with a further 464 children from two schools acting as controls. Children (n=64) in the intervention schools had an average increase in fruit intake (133+/-1.9 to 183+/-17.0 g day(-1)) that was significantly (P<0.05) greater than the increase (100+/-11.7 to 107+/-14.2 g day(-1)) estimated in children (n=65) in control schools. No other changes in food or nutrient intake were detected. Increases in scores for variables relating to knowledge about fruits and vegetables and subjective norms were also greater in the intervention than in the control group, although taste preferences for fruits and vegetables were unchanged. It is concluded that a whole school approach to increasing intakes of fruits and vegetables has a modest but significant effect on cognitive and attitudinal variables and on fruit intake.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Leila Hajivandi: leila.hajivandi@gmail.com

Mahnaz Noroozi:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-8519

noroozi@nm.mui.ac.ir

Firoozeh Mostafavi: mostafavi@hlth.mui.ac.ir

Maryam Ekramzadeh: ekramzadeh@sums.ac.ir

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Pediatr

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Pediatr

Title: BMC Pediatrics

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2431

Publication date (Electronic): 14 July 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 14 July 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 21

Electronic Location Identifier: 316

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.472315.6, ISNI 0000 0004 0494 0825, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Kazerun Medical Sciences Branch, , Islamic Azad University, ; Kazerun, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, ; Isfahan, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, ; Isfahan, Iran

[4 ]GRID grid.412571.4, ISNI 0000 0000 8819 4698, Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ; Shiraz, Iran

Author information

Mahnaz Noroozi http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-8519

Article

Publisher ID: 2784

DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02784-z

PMC ID: 8278740

PubMed ID: 34261468

SO-VID: d44c34ee-6aa2-432d-a259-aadc6670b0d2

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 17 September 2020

Date accepted : 30 June 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003970, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences;

Award ID: 395885

Award Recipient : Mahnaz Noroozi

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Pediatrics

Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome,adolescent,theory of planned behavior,iran

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Pediatrics

Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, adolescent, theory of planned behavior, iran

Assessing the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with PCOS in Iran: a field trial study

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Chinese Journal of School Health

Most cited references 32

Theories of behaviour and behaviour change across the social and behavioural sciences: a scoping review

Understanding variation in prevalence estimates of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The impact of a school-based nutrition education intervention on dietary intake and cognitive and attitudinal variables relating to fruits and vegetables.

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