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      Anomalous thermal fluctuation distribution sustains proto-metabolic cycles and biomolecule synthesis

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          Abstract

          Anomalous thermal fluctuation distribution may reflect transient non-Boltzmann populations of internal quantized modes and favour primordial chemical evolution.

          Abstract

          An environment far from equilibrium is thought to be a necessary condition for the origin and persistence of life. In this context we report open-flow simulations of a non-enzymic proto-metabolic system, in which hydrogen peroxide acts both as oxidant and driver of thermochemical cycling. We find that a Gaussian perturbed input produces a non-Boltzmann output fluctuation distribution around the mean oscillation maximum. Our main result is that net biosynthesis can occur under fluctuating cyclical but not steady drive. Consequently we may revise the necessary condition to “dynamically far from equilibrium”.

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          The habitat and nature of early life.

          E. Nisbet, N. H. Sleep (2001)
          Earth is over 4,500 million years old. Massive bombardment of the planet took place for the first 500-700 million years, and the largest impacts would have been capable of sterilizing the planet. Probably until 4,000 million years ago or later, occasional impacts might have heated the ocean over 100 degrees C. Life on Earth dates from before about 3,800 million years ago, and is likely to have gone through one or more hot-ocean 'bottlenecks'. Only hyperthermophiles (organisms optimally living in water at 80-110 degrees C) would have survived. It is possible that early life diversified near hydrothermal vents, but hypotheses that life first occupied other pre-bottleneck habitats are tenable (including transfer from Mars on ejecta from impacts there). Early hyperthermophile life, probably near hydrothermal systems, may have been non-photosynthetic, and many housekeeping proteins and biochemical processes may have an original hydrothermal heritage. The development of anoxygenic and then oxygenic photosynthesis would have allowed life to escape the hydrothermal setting. By about 3,500 million years ago, most of the principal biochemical pathways that sustain the modern biosphere had evolved, and were global in scope.
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            Is Open Access

            Origins of building blocks of life: A review

            Norio Kitadai, Shigenori Maruyama (2018)
            Article 0 comments Cited 106 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Peptide formation in the prebiotic era: thermal condensation of glycine in fluctuating clay environments.

              Tyler D. White, N Lahav, S. Chang (1978)
              As geologically relevant models of prebiotic environments, systems consisting of clay, water, and amino acids were subjected to cyclic variations in temperature and water content. Fluctuations of both variables produced longer oligopeptides in higher yields than were produced by temperature fluctuations alone. The results suggest that fluctuating environments provided a favorable geological setting in which the rate and extent of chemical evolution would have been determined by the number and frequency of cycles.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PPCPFQ
                Title: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
                Abbreviated Title: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Print): 1463-9076
                ISSN (Electronic): 1463-9084
                Publication date Created: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 2020
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Mathematical Sciences Institute and Research School of Chemistry
                [2 ]Australian National University
                [3 ]Canberra
                [4 ]Australia
                [5 ]School of Mathematics
                [6 ]University of Leeds
                [7 ]Leeds LS2 9JT
                [8 ]UK
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/C9CP05756K
                SO-VID: d4940f53-cc67-4a9c-858d-5ed39bb93ce2
                Copyright © © 2020
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                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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