Condiciones de vida después del desplazamiento forzado: Experiencias y percepciones de niños, niñas y sus cuidadores  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Life after forced displacement: Experiences and perceptions of children and their caregivers </span>

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Abstract

Resumen Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las experiencias y percepciones de los niños, niñas y sus cuidadores con historia de desplazamiento forzado beneficiarios de un Programa de Recuperación Psicoafectiva en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. El proyecto está sustentado en una metodología cualitativa con diseño de estudio de casos; se analizaron 28 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los cuidadores principales, así como los registros en los diarios de campo de la experiencia de los niños durante el programa. Los resultados muestran que las condiciones de vida adversas y la inestabilidad económica son una de las consecuencias intergeneracionales más salientes del desplazamiento forzado y que esto tiene un impacto en los diferentes contextos en los que interactúan niños, niñas y sus cuidadores. Además, se encontró que las dinámicas familiares están permeadas por el abandono y la violencia. Los resultados apuntan a que las consecuencias del desplazamiento son intergeneracionales, exponiendo a las familias a interactuar en contextos que pueden afectar en su capacidad para promover el sano desarrollo de los niños y niñas.

Translated abstract

Abstract This research aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of children and their caregivers with a history of forced displacement who were beneficiaries of a Psycho-affective Recovery Program in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia. The project is based on a qualitative methodology with a case study design. 28 semi-structured interviews with the main caregivers were analyzed, as well as the field diaries of the children's experience during the program. The results show that adverse living conditions and economic instability are one of the most salient intergenerational consequences of forced displacement and that this has an impact on the different contexts in which boys, girls and their caregivers interact. Furthermore, it was found that family dynamics are permeated by abandonment and violence. The results suggest that the consequences of displacement are intergenerational, exposing families to interact in contexts that may affect their ability to promote the healthy development of children.

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Most cited references 34

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Predisplacement and postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis.

Matthew Porter, Nick Haslam (2005)

The global refugee crisis requires that researchers, policymakers, and clinicians comprehend the magnitude of the psychological consequences of forced displacement and the factors that moderate them. To date, no empirical synthesis of research on these issues has been undertaken. To meta-analytically establish the extent of compromised mental health among refugees (including internally displaced persons, asylum seekers, and stateless persons) using a worldwide study sample. Potential moderators of mental health outcomes were examined, including enduring contextual variables (eg, postdisplacement accommodation and economic opportunity) and refugee characteristics. Published studies (1959-2002) were obtained using broad searches of computerized databases (PsycINFO and PILOTS), manual searches of reference lists, and interviews with prominent authors. Studies were selected if they investigated a refugee group and at least 1 nonrefugee comparison group and reported 1 or more quantitative group comparison on measures of psychopathology. Fifty-six reports met inclusion criteria (4.4% of identified reports), yielding 59 independent comparisons and including 67,294 participants (22,221 refugees and 45,073 nonrefugees). Data on study and report characteristics, study participant characteristics, and statistical outcomes were extracted using a coding manual and subjected to blind recoding, which indicated high reliability. Methodological quality information was coded to assess potential sources of bias. Effect size estimates for the refugee-nonrefugee comparisons were averaged across psychopathology measures within studies and weighted by sample size. The weighted mean effect size was 0.41 (SD, 0.02; range, -1.36 to 2.91 [SE, 0.01]), indicating that refugees had moderately poorer outcomes. Postdisplacement conditions moderated mental health outcomes. Worse outcomes were observed for refugees living in institutional accommodation, experiencing restricted economic opportunity, displaced internally within their own country, repatriated to a country they had previously fled, or whose initiating conflict was unresolved. Refugees who were older, more educated, and female and who had higher predisplacement socioeconomic status and rural residence also had worse outcomes. Methodological differences between studies affected effect sizes. The sociopolitical context of the refugee experience is associated with refugee mental health. Humanitarian efforts that improve these conditions are likely to have positive impacts.