Regulation of lubricin for functional cartilage tissue regeneration: a review

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Abstract

Background

Lubricin is chondrocyte-secreted glycoprotein that primarily conducts boundary lubrication between joint surfaces. Besides its cytoprotective function and extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment, lubricin is recommended as a novel biotherapeutic protein that restore functional articular cartilage. Likewise, malfunction of lubrication in damaged articular cartilage caused by complex and multifaceted matter is a major concern in the field of cartilage tissue engineering.

Main body

Although a noticeable progress has been made toward cartilage tissue regeneration through numerous approaches such as autologous chondrocyte implantation, osteochondral grafts, and microfracture technique, the functionality of engineered cartilage is a challenge for complete reconstruction of cartilage. Thus, delicate modulation of lubricin along with cell/scaffold application will expand the research on cartilage tissue engineering.

Conclusion

In this review, we will discuss the empirical analysis of lubricin from fundamental interpretation to the practical design of gene expression regulation.

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Most cited references 75

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Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2.

Anna Velcich, WanCai Yang, Joerg Heyer … (2002)

The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a layer of mucus comprised of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins. To evaluate the importance of mucin in intestinal carcinogenesis, we constructed mice genetically deficient in Muc2, the most abundant secreted gastrointestinal mucin. Muc2-/- mice displayed aberrant intestinal crypt morphology and altered cell maturation and migration. Most notably, the mice frequently developed adenomas in the small intestine that progressed to invasive adenocarcinoma, as well as rectal tumors. Thus, Muc2 is involved in the suppression of colorectal cancer.

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Lubrication by charged polymers.

Uri Raviv, Suzanne Giasson, Nir Kampf … (2003)

Long-ranged forces between surfaces in a liquid control effects from colloid stability to biolubrication, and can be modified either by steric factors due to flexible polymers, or by surface charge effects. In particular, neutral polymer 'brushes' may lead to a massive reduction in sliding friction between the surfaces to which they are attached, whereas hydrated ions can act as extremely efficient lubricants between sliding charged surfaces. Here we show that brushes of charged polymers (polyelectrolytes) attached to surfaces rubbing across an aqueous medium result in superior lubrication compared to other polymeric surfactants. Effective friction coefficients with polyelectrolyte brushes in water are lower than about 0.0006-0.001 even at low sliding velocities and at pressures of up to several atmospheres (typical of those in living systems). We attribute this to the exceptional resistance to mutual interpenetration displayed by the compressed, counterion-swollen brushes, together with the fluidity of the hydration layers surrounding the charged, rubbing polymer segments. Our findings may have implications for biolubrication effects, which are important in the design of lubricated surfaces in artificial implants, and in understanding frictional processes in biological systems.

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Engineering cartilage tissue.

Cindy Chung, Jason A. Burdick (2008)

Cartilage tissue engineering is emerging as a technique for the regeneration of cartilage tissue damaged due to disease or trauma. Since cartilage lacks regenerative capabilities, it is essential to develop approaches that deliver the appropriate cells, biomaterials, and signaling factors to the defect site. The objective of this review is to discuss the approaches that have been taken in this area, with an emphasis on various cell sources, including chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and stem cells. Additionally, biomaterials and their interaction with cells and the importance of signaling factors on cellular behavior and cartilage formation will be addressed. Ultimately, the goal of investigators working on cartilage regeneration is to develop a system that promotes the production of cartilage tissue that mimics native tissue properties, accelerates restoration of tissue function, and is clinically translatable. Although this is an ambitious goal, significant progress and important advances have been made in recent years.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Yunsup Lee: ddub-_-z@hanmail.net

Jaehoon Choi: cjh2201@snu.ac.kr

Nathaniel S. Hwang: nshwang@snu.ac.kr

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomater Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomater Res

Title: Biomaterials Research

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Print): 1226-4601

ISSN (Electronic): 2055-7124

Publication date (Electronic): 16 March 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 16 March 2018

Publication date Collection: 2018

Volume: 22

Electronic Location Identifier: 9

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 5905, GRID grid.31501.36, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, , Seoul National University, ; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 5905, GRID grid.31501.36, Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, , Seoul National University, ; Seoul, 152-742 Republic of Korea

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 5905, GRID grid.31501.36, N-Bio/BioMAX Institute, , Seoul National University, ; Seoul, 152-742 Republic of Korea

Article

Publisher ID: 118

DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0118-x

PMC ID: 5857089

PubMed ID: 29568558

SO-VID: d513d526-78b6-4632-b473-e0ddf7074ee3

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 26 November 2017

Date accepted : 5 March 2018

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003725, National Research Foundation of Korea;

Award ID: NRF-2016R1E1A1A01943393

Award ID: NRF-2017M3A9C6029699

Award Recipient : Nathaniel S. Hwang

Custom metadata

Keywords: lubricin,articular cartilage,ecm,tissue engineering,superficial zone protein (szp)

Data availability:

Keywords: lubricin, articular cartilage, ecm, tissue engineering, superficial zone protein (szp)

Regulation of lubricin for functional cartilage tissue regeneration: a review

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Abstract

Background

Main body

Conclusion

Related collections

Functional role of amyloid

Most cited references 75

Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2.

Lubrication by charged polymers.

Engineering cartilage tissue.

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