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      GLP−1 receptor agonists for the treatment of obesity: Role as a promising approach

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          Abstract

          Obesity is a complex disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation which is caused by genetic, environmental and other factors. In recent years, there has been an increase in the morbidity, disability rate,and mortality due to obesity, making it great threat to people’s health and lives, and increasing public health care expenses. Evidence from previous studies show that weight loss can significantly reduce the risk of obesity-related complications and chronic diseases. Diet control, moderate exercise, behavior modification programs, bariatric surgery and prescription drug treatment are the major interventions used to help people lose weight. Among them, anti-obesity drugs have high compliance rates and cause noticeable short-term effects in reducing obese levels. However, given the safety or effectiveness concerns of anti-obesity drugs, many of the currently used drugs have limited clinical use. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are a group of drugs that targets incretin hormone action, and its receptors are widely distributed in nerves, islets, heart, lung, skin, and other organs. Several animal experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated that GLP-1R agonists are more effective in treating or preventing obesity. Therefore, GLP-1R agonists are promising agents for the treatment of obese individuals. This review describes evidence from previous research on the effects of GLP-1R agonists on obesity. We anticipate that this review will generate data that will help biomedical researchers or clinical workers develop obesity treatments based on GLP-1R agonists.

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          Most cited references137

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          Obesity: global epidemiology and pathogenesis

          The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide in the past ~50 years, reaching pandemic levels. Obesity represents a major health challenge because it substantially increases the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, dementia, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnoea and several cancers, thereby contributing to a decline in both quality of life and life expectancy. Obesity is also associated with unemployment, social disadvantages and reduced socio-economic productivity, thus increasingly creating an economic burden. Thus far, obesity prevention and treatment strategies - both at the individual and population level - have not been successful in the long term. Lifestyle and behavioural interventions aimed at reducing calorie intake and increasing energy expenditure have limited effectiveness because complex and persistent hormonal, metabolic and neurochemical adaptations defend against weight loss and promote weight regain. Reducing the obesity burden requires approaches that combine individual interventions with changes in the environment and society. Therefore, a better understanding of the remarkable regional differences in obesity prevalence and trends might help to identify societal causes of obesity and provide guidance on which are the most promising intervention strategies.
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            Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

            Obesity is a global health challenge with few pharmacologic options. Whether adults with obesity can achieve weight loss with once-weekly semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg as an adjunct to lifestyle intervention has not been confirmed.
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              A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management.

              Obesity is a chronic disease with serious health consequences, but weight loss is difficult to maintain through lifestyle intervention alone. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, has been shown to have potential benefit for weight management at a once-daily dose of 3.0 mg, injected subcutaneously.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
                Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
                Front. Endocrinol.
                Frontiers in Endocrinology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-2392
                01 February 2023
                2023
                : 14
                : 1085799
                Affiliations
                [1] 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, China
                [2] 2 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Xiaodong Sun, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China

                Reviewed by: Kefei Dou, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China; Finbarr P. M. O’Harte, Ulster University, United Kingdom

                *Correspondence: Xian-Feng Zhang, zhangxianf@ 123456jlu.edu.cn

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

                This article was submitted to Obesity, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology

                Article
                10.3389/fendo.2023.1085799
                9945324
                36843578
                d5c14a98-ee1d-43eb-a403-afa47d391616
                Copyright © 2023 Wang, Wang, Yang, Yang, Li, Jin, Zhang and Zhang

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 31 October 2022
                : 02 January 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 145, Pages: 11, Words: 6367
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China , doi 10.13039/501100001809;
                This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 82070362).
                Categories
                Endocrinology
                Review

                Endocrinology & Diabetes
                glp-1r agonists,obesity,weight-reducing drugs,metabolic diseases,dual agonism

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